1 Tawarikh 18:3

18:3 David defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah as far as Hamath, when he went to extend his authority ¹  to the Euphrates River. ² 

1 Tawarikh 18:1

David Conquers the Neighboring Nations

18:1 Later David defeated the Philistines and subdued them. He took Gath and its surrounding towns ³  away from the Philistines. ⁴ 

1 Samuel 14:47

14:47 After Saul had secured his royal position over Israel, he fought against all their ⁵  enemies on all sides – the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. In every direction that he turned he was victorious. ⁶ 

[18:3]  ¹ tn Heb “hand.”

[18:3]  ² tn Heb “when he went to set up his hand at the Euphrates River.” The Hebrew word יָד (yad, “hand”) is usually understood to mean “control” or “dominion” here. However, since יָד does occasionally refer to a monument, perhaps one could translate, “to set up his monument at the Euphrates River” (i.e., as a visible marker of the limits of his dominion). For another example of the Hiphil of נָצַב (natsav) used with יָד (“monument”), see 1 Sam 15:12.

[18:1]  ³ tn 2 Sam 8:1 identifies this region as “Metheg Ammah.”

[18:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “from the hand of the Philistines.” Here “hand” is figurative language for “control.”

[14:47]  ⁵ tn Heb “his,” which could refer to Israel or to Saul.

[14:47]  ⁶ tc The translation follows the LXX (“he was delivered”), rather than the MT, which reads, “he acted wickedly.”