Kejadian 14:4-5

14:4 For twelve years ¹  they had served Kedorlaomer, but in the thirteenth year ²  they rebelled. ³  14:5 In the fourteenth year, Kedorlaomer and the kings who were his allies came and defeated ⁴  the Rephaites in Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzites in Ham, the Emites in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

Yosua 9:9-11

9:9 They told him, “Your subjects ⁵  have come from a very distant land because of the reputation ⁶  of the Lord your God, for we have heard the news about all he did in Egypt ⁷  9:10 and all he did to the two Amorite kings on the other side of the Jordan – King Sihon of Heshbon and King Og of Bashan in Ashtaroth. 9:11 Our leaders and all who live in our land told us, ‘Take provisions for your journey and go meet them. Tell them, “We are willing to be your subjects. ⁸  Make a treaty with us.”’

Yosua 9:2

9:2 they formed an alliance to fight against Joshua and Israel. ⁹ 

1 Samuel 10:19

10:19 But today you have rejected your God who saves you from all your trouble and distress. You have said, “No! ¹⁰  Appoint a king over us.” Now take your positions before the Lord by your tribes and by your clans.’”

1 Samuel 10:1

Samuel Anoints Saul

10:1 Then Samuel took a small container of olive oil and poured it on Saul’s ¹¹  head. Samuel ¹²  kissed him and said, “The Lord has chosen you ¹³  to lead his people Israel! You will rule over the Lord’s people and you will deliver them from the power of the enemies who surround them. This will be your sign that the Lord has chosen ¹⁴  you as leader over his inheritance. ¹⁵ 

Kisah Para Rasul 20:1

Paul Travels Through Macedonia and Greece

20:1 After the disturbance had ended, Paul sent for the disciples, and after encouraging ¹⁶  them and saying farewell, ¹⁷  he left to go to Macedonia. ¹⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 20:12

20:12 They took the boy home alive and were greatly ¹⁹  comforted.

Mazmur 18:39

18:39 You give me strength ²⁰  for battle;

you make my foes kneel before me. ²¹ 

Mazmur 18:44

18:44 When they hear of my exploits, they submit to me. ²² 

Foreigners are powerless ²³  before me;

Yesaya 10:8

10:8 Indeed, ²⁴  he says:

“Are not my officials all kings?

[14:4]  ¹ tn The sentence simply begins with “twelve years”; it serves as an adverbial accusative giving the duration of their bondage.

[14:4]  ² tn This is another adverbial accusative of time.

[14:4]  ³ sn The story serves as a foreshadowing of the plight of the kingdom of Israel later. Eastern powers came and forced the western kingdoms into submission. Each year, then, they would send tribute east – to keep them away. Here, in the thirteenth year, they refused to send the tribute (just as later Hezekiah rebelled against Assyria). And so in the fourteenth year the eastern powers came to put them down again. This account from Abram’s life taught future generations that God can give victory over such threats – that people did not have to live in servitude to tyrants from the east.

[14:5]  ⁴ tn The Hebrew verb נָכָה (nakhah) means “to attack, to strike, to smite.” In this context it appears that the strike was successful, and so a translation of “defeated” is preferable.

[9:9]  ⁵ tn Or “servants.”

[9:9]  ⁶ tn Heb “name.”

[9:9]  ⁷ tn Heb “the report about him, all that he did in Egypt.”

[9:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “your servants.”

[9:2]  ⁹ tn Heb “they gathered together to fight against Joshua and Israel [with] one mouth.”

[10:19]  ¹⁰ tc The translation follows many medieval Hebrew mss, the LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and Vulgate in reading לֹא (lo’, “not”) rather than the MT לוֹ (lo; “to him”). Some witnesses combine the variants, resulting in a conflated text. For example, a few medieval Hebrew mss have לֹא לוֹ (lo lo’; “to him, ‘No.’”). A few others have לֹא לִי (li lo’; “to me, ‘No.’”).

[10:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “his”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:1]  ¹² tn Heb “he”; the referent (Samuel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:1]  ¹³ tn Heb “Is it not that the Lord has anointed you?” The question draws attention to the fact and is a rhetorical way of affirming the Lord’s choice of Saul. The translation reflects the rhetorical force of the question.

[10:1]  ¹⁴ tn That is, “anointed.”

[10:1]  ¹⁵ tc The MT reads simply “Is it not that the Lord has anointed you over his inheritance for a leader?” The translation follows the LXX. The MT apparently suffers from parablepsis, whereby a scribe’s eye jumped from the first occurrence of the expression “the Lord has anointed you” to the second occurrence of this expression at the end of v. 1. This mistake caused the accidental omission of the intervening material in the LXX, which appears to preserve the original Hebrew text here.

[20:1]  ¹⁶ tn Or “exhorting.”

[20:1]  ¹⁷ tn Or “and taking leave of them.”

[20:1]  ¹⁸ sn Macedonia was the Roman province of Macedonia in Greece.

[20:12]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “were not to a moderate degree” (an idiom). L&N 78.11 states: “μετρίως: a moderate degree of some activity or state – ‘moderately, to a moderate extent.’ ἤγαγον δὲ τὸν παῖδα ζῶντα, καὶ παρεκλήθησαν οὐ μετρίωθς ‘they took the young man home alive and were greatly comforted’ Ac 20:12. In Ac 20:12 the phrase οὐ μετρίως, literally ‘not to a moderate degree,’ is equivalent to a strong positive statement, namely, ‘greatly’ or ‘to a great extent.’”

[18:39]  ²⁰ tn Heb “clothed me.” See v. 32.

[18:39]  ²¹ tn Heb “you make those who rise against me kneel beneath me.”

[18:39]  sn My foes kneel before me. For ancient Near Eastern parallels, see R. B. Chisholm, “An Exegetical and Theological Study of Psalm 18/2 Samuel 22” (Th.D. diss., Dallas Theological Seminary, 1983), 268.

[18:44]  ²² tn Heb “at a report of an ear they submit to me.” The report of the psalmist’s exploits is so impressive that those who hear it submit to his rulership without putting up a fight.

[18:44]  ²³ tn For the meaning “be weak, powerless” for כָּחַשׁ (kakhash), see Ps 109:24. The next line (see v. 45a), in which “foreigners” are also mentioned, favors this interpretation. Another option is to translate “cower in fear” (see Deut 33:29; Pss 66:3; 81:15; cf. NIV “cringe”; NRSV “came cringing”).

[10:8]  ²⁴ tn Or “For” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV).