Matius 4:2

4:2 After he fasted forty days and forty nights he was famished. ¹ 

Lukas 4:2

4:2 where for forty days he endured temptations ²  from the devil. He ³  ate nothing ⁴  during those days, and when they were completed, ⁵  he was famished.

Yohanes 4:6-7

4:6 Jacob’s well was there, so Jesus, since he was tired from the journey, sat right down beside ⁶  the well. It was about noon. ⁷ 

4:7 A Samaritan woman ⁸  came to draw water. Jesus said to her, “Give me some water ⁹  to drink.”

Yohanes 4:31-33

Workers for the Harvest

4:31 Meanwhile the disciples were urging him, ¹⁰  “Rabbi, eat something.” ¹¹  4:32 But he said to them, “I have food to eat that you know nothing about.” 4:33 So the disciples began to say ¹²  to one another, “No one brought him anything ¹³  to eat, did they?” ¹⁴ 

Yohanes 19:28

Jesus’ Death

19:28 After this Jesus, realizing that by this time ¹⁵  everything was completed, ¹⁶  said (in order to fulfill the scripture), ¹⁷  “I am thirsty!” ¹⁸ 

Ibrani 2:17

2:17 Therefore he had ¹⁹  to be made like his brothers and sisters ²⁰  in every respect, so that he could become a merciful and faithful high priest in things relating to God, to make atonement ²¹  for the sins of the people.

[4:2]  ¹ tn Grk “and having fasted forty days and forty nights, afterward he was hungry.”

[4:2]  ² tn Grk “in the desert, for forty days being tempted.” The participle πειραζόμενος (peirazomeno") has been translated as an adverbial clause in English to avoid a run-on sentence with a second “and.” Here the present participle suggests a period of forty days of testing. Three samples of the end of the testing are given in the following verses.

[4:2]  ³ tn Grk “And he.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[4:2]  ⁴ sn The reference to Jesus eating nothing could well be an idiom meaning that he ate only what the desert provided; see Exod 34:28. A desert fast simply meant eating only what one could obtain in the desert. The parallel in Matt 4:2 speaks only of Jesus fasting.

[4:2]  ⁵ tn The Greek word here is συντελεσθείσων (suntelesqeiswn) from the verb συντελέω (suntelew).

[4:2]  sn This verb and its cognate noun, sunteleia, usually implies not just the end of an event, but its completion or fulfillment. The noun is always used in the NT in eschatological contexts; the verb is often so used (cf. Matt 13:39, 40; 24:3; 28:20; Mark 13:4; Rom 9:28; Heb 8:8; 9:26). The idea here may be that the forty-day period of temptation was designed for a particular purpose in the life of Christ (the same verb is used in v. 13). The cognate verb teleiow is a key NT term for the completion of God’s plan: See Luke 12:50; 22:37; John 19:30; and (where it has the additional component of meaning “to perfect”) Heb 2:10; 5:8-9; 7:28.

[4:6]  ⁶ tn Grk “on (ἐπί, epi) the well.” There may have been a low stone rim encircling the well, or the reading of Ì⁶⁶ (“on the ground”) may be correct.

[4:6]  ⁷ tn Grk “the sixth hour.”

[4:6]  sn It was about noon. The suggestion has been made by some that time should be reckoned from midnight rather than sunrise. This would make the time 6 a.m. rather than noon. That would fit in this passage but not in John 19:14 which places the time when Jesus is condemned to be crucified at “the sixth hour.”

[4:7]  ⁸ tn Grk “a woman from Samaria.” According to BDAG 912 s.v. Σαμάρεια, the prepositional phrase is to be translated as a simple attributive: “γυνὴ ἐκ τῆς Σαμαρείας a Samaritan woman J 4:7.”

[4:7]  ⁹ tn The phrase “some water” is supplied as the understood direct object of the infinitive πεῖν (pein).

[4:31]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “were asking him, saying.”

[4:31]  ¹¹ tn The direct object of φάγε (fage) in Greek is understood; “something” is supplied in English.

[4:33]  ¹² tn An ingressive imperfect conveys the idea that Jesus’ reply provoked the disciples’ response.

[4:33]  ¹³ tn The direct object of ἤνεγκεν (hnenken) in Greek is understood; “anything” is supplied in English.

[4:33]  ¹⁴ tn Questions prefaced with μή (mh) in Greek anticipate a negative answer. This can sometimes be indicated by using a “tag” at the end in English (here it is “did they?”).

[19:28]  ¹⁵ tn Or “that already.”

[19:28]  ¹⁶ tn Or “finished,” “accomplished”; Grk “fulfilled.”

[19:28]  ¹⁷ sn A reference to Ps 69:21 or Ps 22:15.

[19:28]  ¹⁸ sn In order to fulfill (τελειωθῇ [teleiwqh], a wordplay on the previous statement that everything was completed [τετέλεσται, tetelestai]) the scripture, he said, “I am thirsty.” The scripture referred to is probably Ps 69:21, “They also gave me gall for my food, and for my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.” Also suggested, however, is Ps 22:15, “My tongue cleaves to the roof of my mouth, and you [God] lay me in the dust of death.” Ps 22:1 reads “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?,” a statement Jesus makes from the cross in both Matt 27:46 and Mark 15:34. In light of the connection in the Fourth Gospel between thirst and the living water which Jesus offers, it is highly ironic that here Jesus himself, the source of that living water, expresses his thirst. And since 7:39 associates the living water with the Holy Spirit, Jesus’ statement here in 19:28 amounts to an admission that at this point he has been forsaken by God (cf. Ps 22:1, Matt 27:46, and Mark 15:34).

[2:17]  ¹⁹ tn Or “he was obligated.”

[2:17]  ²⁰ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.

[2:17]  ²¹ tn Or “propitiation.”