1 tn The participle ἰδόντες (idontes) has been taken temporally to retain the structure of the passage. Many modern translations, because of the length of the sentence here, translate this participle as a finite verb and break the Greek sentences into several English sentences (NIV, for example, begins new sentences at the beginning of both vv. 8 and 9).
2 tn Grk “to the uncircumcision,” that is, to the Gentiles.
3 tn Grk “to the circumcision,” a collective reference to the Jewish people.
4 tn Grk “having become”; the participle γενόμενος (genomenos) has been taken instrumentally.
5 sn A quotation from Deut 21:23. By figurative extension the Greek word translated tree (ζύλον, zulon) can also be used to refer to a cross (L&N 6.28), the Roman instrument of execution.