18:1 The Lord appeared to Abraham 1 by the oaks 2 of Mamre while 3 he was sitting at the entrance 4 to his tent during the hottest time of the day. 18:2 Abraham 5 looked up 6 and saw 7 three men standing across 8 from him. When he saw them 9 he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed low 10 to the ground. 11
18:3 He said, “My lord, 12 if I have found favor in your sight, do not pass by and leave your servant. 13 18:4 Let a little water be brought so that 14 you may all 15 wash your feet and rest under the tree. 18:5 And let me get 16 a bit of food 17 so that you may refresh yourselves 18 since you have passed by your servant’s home. After that you may be on your way.” 19 “All right,” they replied, “you may do as you say.”
18:6 So Abraham hurried into the tent and said to Sarah, “Quick! Take 20 three measures 21 of fine flour, knead it, and make bread.” 22 18:7 Then Abraham ran to the herd and chose a fine, tender calf, and gave it to a servant, 23 who quickly prepared it. 24 18:8 Abraham 25 then took some curds and milk, along with the calf that had been prepared, and placed the food 26 before them. They ate while 27 he was standing near them under a tree.
18:9 Then they asked him, “Where is Sarah your wife?” He replied, “There, 28 in the tent.” 18:10 One of them 29 said, “I will surely return 30 to you when the season comes round again, 31 and your wife Sarah will have a son!” 32 (Now Sarah was listening at the entrance to the tent, not far behind him. 33 18:11 Abraham and Sarah were old and advancing in years; 34 Sarah had long since passed menopause.) 35 18:12 So Sarah laughed to herself, thinking, 36 “After I am worn out will I have pleasure, 37 especially when my husband is old too?” 38
18:13 The Lord said to Abraham, “Why 39 did Sarah laugh and say, ‘Will I really 40 have a child when I am old?’ 18:14 Is anything impossible 41 for the Lord? I will return to you when the season comes round again and Sarah will have a son.” 42 18:15 Then Sarah lied, saying, “I did not laugh,” because she was afraid. But the Lord said, “No! You did laugh.” 43
18:16 When the men got up to leave, 44 they looked out over 45 Sodom. (Now 46 Abraham was walking with them to see them on their way.) 47 18:17 Then the Lord said, “Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do? 48 18:18 After all, Abraham 49 will surely become 50 a great and powerful nation, and all the nations on the earth will pronounce blessings on one another 51 using his name. 18:19 I have chosen him 52 so that he may command his children and his household after him to keep 53 the way of the Lord by doing 54 what is right and just. Then the Lord will give 55 to Abraham what he promised 56 him.”
18:20 So the Lord said, “The outcry against 57 Sodom and Gomorrah is so great and their sin so blatant 58 18:21 that I must go down 59 and see if they are as wicked as the outcry suggests. 60 If not, 61 I want to know.”
18:22 The two men turned 62 and headed 63 toward Sodom, but Abraham was still standing before the Lord. 64 18:23 Abraham approached and said, “Will you sweep away the godly along with the wicked? 18:24 What if there are fifty godly people in the city? Will you really wipe it out and not spare 65 the place for the sake of the fifty godly people who are in it? 18:25 Far be it from you to do such a thing – to kill the godly with the wicked, treating the godly and the wicked alike! Far be it from you! Will not the judge 66 of the whole earth do what is right?” 67
18:26 So the Lord replied, “If I find in the city of Sodom fifty godly people, I will spare the whole place for their sake.”
18:27 Then Abraham asked, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord 68 (although I am but dust and ashes), 69 18:28 what if there are five less than the fifty godly people? Will you destroy 70 the whole city because five are lacking?” 71 He replied, “I will not destroy it if I find forty-five there.”
18:29 Abraham 72 spoke to him again, 73 “What if forty are found there?” He replied, “I will not do it for the sake of the forty.”
18:30 Then Abraham 74 said, “May the Lord not be angry 75 so that I may speak! 76 What if thirty are found there?” He replied, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.”
18:31 Abraham 77 said, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord, what if only twenty are found there?” He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the twenty.”
18:32 Finally Abraham 78 said, “May the Lord not be angry so that I may speak just once more. What if ten are found there?” He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the ten.”
18:33 The Lord went on his way 79 when he had finished speaking 80 to Abraham. Then Abraham returned home. 81
19:1 The two angels came to Sodom in the evening while 82 Lot was sitting in the city’s gateway. 83 When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face toward the ground.
19:2 He said, “Here, my lords, please turn aside to your servant’s house. Stay the night 84 and wash your feet. Then you can be on your way early in the morning.” 85 “No,” they replied, “we’ll spend the night in the town square.” 86
19:3 But he urged 87 them persistently, so they turned aside with him and entered his house. He prepared a feast for them, including bread baked without yeast, and they ate. 19:4 Before they could lie down to sleep, 88 all the men – both young and old, from every part of the city of Sodom – surrounded the house. 89 19:5 They shouted to Lot, 90 “Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so we can have sex 91 with them!”
19:6 Lot went outside to them, shutting the door behind him. 19:7 He said, “No, my brothers! Don’t act so wickedly! 92 19:8 Look, I have two daughters who have never had sexual relations with 93 a man. Let me bring them out to you, and you can do to them whatever you please. 94 Only don’t do anything to these men, for they have come under the protection 95 of my roof.” 96
19:9 “Out of our way!” 97 they cried, and “This man came to live here as a foreigner, 98 and now he dares to judge us! 99 We’ll do more harm 100 to you than to them!” They kept 101 pressing in on Lot until they were close enough 102 to break down the door.
19:10 So the men inside 103 reached out 104 and pulled Lot back into the house 105 as they shut the door. 19:11 Then they struck the men who were at the door of the house, from the youngest to the oldest, 106 with blindness. The men outside 107 wore themselves out trying to find the door. 19:12 Then the two visitors 108 said to Lot, “Who else do you have here? 109 Do you have 110 any sons-in-law, sons, daughters, or other relatives in the city? 111 Get them out of this 112 place 19:13 because we are about to destroy 113 it. The outcry against this place 114 is so great before the Lord that he 115 has sent us to destroy it.”
19:14 Then Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law who were going to marry his daughters. 116 He said, “Quick, get out of this place because the Lord is about to destroy 117 the city!” But his sons-in-law thought he was ridiculing them. 118
19:15 At dawn 119 the angels hurried Lot along, saying, “Get going! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, 120 or else you will be destroyed when the city is judged!” 121 19:16 When Lot 122 hesitated, the men grabbed his hand and the hands of his wife and two daughters because the Lord had compassion on them. 123 They led them away and placed them 124 outside the city. 19:17 When they had brought them outside, they 125 said, “Run 126 for your lives! Don’t look 127 behind you or stop anywhere in the valley! 128 Escape to the mountains or you will be destroyed!”
19:18 But Lot said to them, “No, please, Lord! 129 19:19 Your 130 servant has found favor with you, 131 and you have shown me great 132 kindness 133 by sparing 134 my life. But I am not able to escape to the mountains because 135 this disaster will overtake 136 me and I’ll die. 137 19:20 Look, this town 138 over here is close enough to escape to, and it’s just a little one. 139 Let me go there. 140 It’s just a little place, isn’t it? 141 Then I’ll survive.” 142
19:21 “Very well,” he replied, 143 “I will grant this request too 144 and will not overthrow 145 the town you mentioned. 19:22 Run there quickly, 146 for I cannot do anything until you arrive there.” (This incident explains why the town was called Zoar.) 147
19:23 The sun had just risen 148 over the land as Lot reached Zoar. 149 19:24 Then the Lord rained down 150 sulfur and fire 151 on Sodom and Gomorrah. It was sent down from the sky by the Lord. 152 19:25 So he overthrew those cities and all that region, 153 including all the inhabitants of the cities and the vegetation that grew 154 from the ground. 19:26 But Lot’s 155 wife looked back longingly 156 and was turned into a pillar of salt.
19:27 Abraham got up early in the morning and went 157 to the place where he had stood before the Lord. 19:28 He looked out toward 158 Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of that region. 159 As he did so, he saw the smoke rising up from the land like smoke from a furnace. 160
19:29 So when God destroyed 161 the cities of the region, 162 God honored 163 Abraham’s request. He removed Lot 164 from the midst of the destruction when he destroyed 165 the cities Lot had lived in.
19:30 Lot went up from Zoar with his two daughters and settled in the mountains because he was afraid to live in Zoar. So he lived in a cave with his two daughters. 19:31 Later the older daughter said 166 to the younger, “Our father is old, and there is no man anywhere nearby 167 to have sexual relations with us, 168 according to the way of all the world. 19:32 Come, let’s make our father drunk with wine 169 so we can have sexual relations 170 with him and preserve 171 our family line through our father.” 172
19:33 So that night they made their father drunk with wine, 173 and the older daughter 174 came and had sexual relations with her father. 175 But he was not aware that she had sexual relations with him and then got up. 176 19:34 So in the morning the older daughter 177 said to the younger, “Since I had sexual relations with my father last night, let’s make him drunk again tonight. 178 Then you go and have sexual relations with him so we can preserve our family line through our father.” 179 19:35 So they made their father drunk 180 that night as well, and the younger one came and had sexual relations with him. 181 But he was not aware that she had sexual relations with him and then got up. 182
19:36 In this way both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant by their father. 19:37 The older daughter 183 gave birth to a son and named him Moab. 184 He is the ancestor of the Moabites of today. 19:38 The younger daughter also gave birth to a son and named him Ben-Ammi. 185 He is the ancestor of the Ammonites of today.
20:1 Abraham journeyed from there to the Negev 186 region and settled between Kadesh and Shur. While he lived as a temporary resident 187 in Gerar, 20:2 Abraham said about his wife Sarah, “She is my sister.” So Abimelech, king of Gerar, sent for Sarah and took her.
20:3 But God appeared 188 to Abimelech in a dream at night and said to him, “You are as good as dead 189 because of the woman you have taken, for she is someone else’s wife.” 190
20:4 Now Abimelech had not gone near her. He said, “Lord, 191 would you really slaughter an innocent nation? 192 20:5 Did Abraham 193 not say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, 194 ‘He is my brother.’ I have done this with a clear conscience 195 and with innocent hands!”
20:6 Then in the dream God replied to him, “Yes, I know that you have done this with a clear conscience. 196 That is why I have kept you 197 from sinning against me and why 198 I did not allow you to touch her. 20:7 But now give back the man’s wife. Indeed 199 he is a prophet 200 and he will pray for you; thus you will live. 201 But if you don’t give her back, 202 know that you will surely die 203 along with all who belong to you.”
20:8 Early in the morning 204 Abimelech summoned 205 all his servants. When he told them about all these things, 206 they 207 were terrified. 20:9 Abimelech summoned Abraham and said to him, “What have you done to us? What sin did I commit against you that would cause you to bring such great guilt on me and my kingdom? 208 You have done things to me that should not be done!” 209 20:10 Then Abimelech asked 210 Abraham, “What prompted you to do this thing?” 211
20:11 Abraham replied, “Because I thought, 212 ‘Surely no one fears God in this place. They will kill me because of 213 my wife.’ 20:12 What’s more, 214 she is indeed my sister, my father’s daughter, but not my mother’s daughter. She became my wife. 20:13 When God made me wander 215 from my father’s house, I told her, ‘This is what you can do to show your loyalty to me: 216 Every place we go, say about me, “He is my brother.”’”
20:14 So Abimelech gave 217 sheep, cattle, and male and female servants to Abraham. He also gave his wife Sarah back to him. 20:15 Then Abimelech said, “Look, my land is before you; live wherever you please.” 218
20:16 To Sarah he said, “Look, I have given a thousand pieces of silver 219 to your ‘brother.’ 220 This is compensation for you so that you will stand vindicated before all who are with you.” 221
20:17 Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, as well as his wife and female slaves so that they were able to have children. 20:18 For the Lord 222 had caused infertility to strike every woman 223 in the household of Abimelech because he took 224 Sarah, Abraham’s wife.
21:1 The Lord visited 225 Sarah just as he had said he would and did 226 for Sarah what he had promised. 227 21:2 So Sarah became pregnant 228 and bore Abraham a son in his old age at the appointed time that God had told him. 21:3 Abraham named his son – whom Sarah bore to him – Isaac. 229 21:4 When his son Isaac was eight days old, 230 Abraham circumcised him just as God had commanded him to do. 231 21:5 (Now Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him.) 232
21:6 Sarah said, “God has made me laugh. 233 Everyone who hears about this 234 will laugh 235 with me.” 21:7 She went on to say, 236 “Who would 237 have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have given birth to a son for him in his old age!”
21:8 The child grew and was weaned. Abraham prepared 238 a great feast on the day that Isaac was weaned. 239 21:9 But Sarah noticed 240 the son of Hagar the Egyptian – the son whom Hagar had borne to Abraham – mocking. 241 21:10 So she said to Abraham, “Banish 242 that slave woman and her son, for the son of that slave woman will not be an heir along with my son Isaac!”
21:11 Sarah’s demand displeased Abraham greatly because Ishmael was his son. 243 21:12 But God said to Abraham, “Do not be upset 244 about the boy or your slave wife. Do 245 all that Sarah is telling 246 you because through Isaac your descendants will be counted. 247 21:13 But I will also make the son of the slave wife into a great nation, for he is your descendant too.”
21:14 Early in the morning Abraham took 248 some food 249 and a skin of water and gave them to Hagar. He put them on her shoulders, gave her the child, 250 and sent her away. So she went wandering 251 aimlessly through the wilderness 252 of Beer Sheba. 21:15 When the water in the skin was gone, she shoved 253 the child under one of the shrubs. 21:16 Then she went and sat down by herself across from him at quite a distance, about a bowshot 254 away; for she thought, 255 “I refuse to watch the child die.” 256 So she sat across from him and wept uncontrollably. 257
21:17 But God heard the boy’s voice. 258 The angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and asked her, “What is the matter, 259 Hagar? Don’t be afraid, for God has heard 260 the boy’s voice right where he is crying. 21:18 Get up! Help the boy up and hold him by the hand, for I will make him into a great nation.” 21:19 Then God enabled Hagar to see a well of water. 261 She went over and filled the skin with water, and then gave the boy a drink.
21:20 God was with the boy as he grew. He lived in the wilderness and became an archer. 21:21 He lived in the wilderness of Paran. 262 His mother found a wife for him from the land of Egypt. 263
21:22 At that time Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, said to Abraham, “God is with you 264 in all that you do. 21:23 Now swear to me right here in God’s name 265 that you will not deceive me, my children, or my descendants. 266 Show me, and the land 267 where you are staying, 268 the same loyalty 269 that I have shown you.” 270
21:24 Abraham said, “I swear to do this.” 271 21:25 But Abraham lodged a complaint 272 against Abimelech concerning a well 273 that Abimelech’s servants had seized. 274 21:26 “I do not know who has done this thing,” Abimelech replied. “Moreover, 275 you did not tell me. I did not hear about it until today.”
21:27 Abraham took some sheep and cattle and gave them to Abimelech. The two of them made a treaty. 276 21:28 Then Abraham set seven ewe lambs apart from the flock by themselves. 21:29 Abimelech asked Abraham, “What is the meaning of these 277 seven ewe lambs that you have set apart?” 21:30 He replied, “You must take these seven ewe lambs from my hand as legal proof 278 that I dug this well.” 279 21:31 That is why he named that place 280 Beer Sheba, 281 because the two of them swore 282 an oath there.
21:32 So they made a treaty 283 at Beer Sheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, returned 284 to the land of the Philistines. 285 21:33 Abraham 286 planted a tamarisk tree 287 in Beer Sheba. There he worshiped the Lord, 288 the eternal God. 21:34 So Abraham stayed in the land of the Philistines for quite some time. 289