1 Petrus 2:13

Submission to Authorities

2:13 Be subject to every human institution ¹  for the Lord’s sake, whether to a king as supreme

1 Petrus 3:8

Suffering for Doing Good

3:8 Finally, all of you be harmonious, ²  sympathetic, affectionate, compassionate, and humble.

1 Petrus 5:14

5:14 Greet one another with a loving kiss. ³  Peace to all of you who are in Christ. ⁴ 

[2:13]  ¹ tn Or “every human being”; Grk “every human creation,” denoting either everything created for mankind (NRSV mg: “every institution ordained for human beings”) or every creature who is human. The meaning of the verb “be subject” and the following context supports the rendering adopted in the text.

[3:8]  ² tn There is no main verb in this verse (Grk “Finally, all [ ] harmonious”), but it continues the sense of command from the previous paragraphs.

[5:14]  ³ tn Grk “a kiss of love.”

[5:14]  ⁴ tc Most mss (א P 1739^c Ï) have ἀμήν (amen, “amen”) at the end of 1 Peter. Such a conclusion is routinely added by scribes to NT books because a few of these books originally had such an ending (cf. Rom 16:27; Gal 6:18; Jude 25). A majority of Greek witnesses have the concluding ἀμήν in every NT book except Acts, James, and 3 John (and even in these books, ἀμήν is found in some witnesses). It is thus a predictable variant. Further, the absence of such a conclusion to the epistle in such witnesses as A B Ψ 81 323 945 1241 1739* co seems inexplicable unless the word here is not authentic.