1 Samuel 1:7

1:7 Peninnah ¹  would behave this way year after year. Whenever Hannah ²  went up to the Lord’s house, Peninnah ³  would upset her so that she would weep and refuse to eat.

1 Samuel 2:14

2:14 He would jab it into the basin, kettle, caldron, or pot, and everything that the fork brought up the priest would take for himself. This is what they used to do to all the Israelites ⁴  when they came there to Shiloh.

1 Samuel 4:20

4:20 As she was dying, the women who were there with her said, “Don’t be afraid! You have given birth to a son!” But she did not reply or pay any attention. ⁵ 

1 Samuel 7:8

7:8 The Israelites said to Samuel, “Keep ⁶  crying out to the Lord our ⁷  God so that he may save us ⁸  from the hand of the Philistines!”

1 Samuel 11:4

11:4 When the messengers went to Gibeah (where Saul lived) ⁹  and informed the people of these matters, all the people wept loudly. ¹⁰ 

1 Samuel 11:12

Saul Is Established as King

11:12 Then the people said to Samuel, “Who were the ones asking, ‘Will Saul reign over us?’ Hand over those men so we may execute them!”

1 Samuel 14:30

14:30 Certainly if the army had eaten some of the enemies’ provisions that they came across today, would not the slaughter of the Philistines have been even greater?”

1 Samuel 17:3

17:3 The Philistines were standing on one hill, and the Israelites ¹¹  on another hill, with the valley between them.

1 Samuel 22:19

22:19 As for Nob, the city of the priests, he struck down with the sword men and women, children and infants, oxen, donkeys, and sheep – all with the sword.

1 Samuel 31:1

The Death of Saul

31:1 Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel. The men of Israel fled from the Philistines and many of them fell dead on Mount Gilboa.

[1:7]  ¹ tn The MT has a masculine form of the verb here יַעֲשֶׂה (ya’aseh, “he used to do”); the subject in that case would presumably be Elkanah. But this leads to an abrupt change of subject in the following part of the verse, where the subject is the rival wife who caused Hannah anxiety. In light of v. 6 one expects the statement of v. 7 to refer to the ongoing actions of the rival wife: “she used to behave in this way year after year.” Some scholars have proposed retaining the masculine form but changing the vocalization of the verb so as to read a Niphal rather than a Qal (i.e., יֵעֲשֶׂה, ye’aseh, “so it used to be done”). But the problem here is lack of precedent for such a use of the Niphal of this verb. It seems best in light of the context to understand the reference to be to Hannah’s rival Peninnah and to read here, with the Syriac Peshitta, a feminine form of the verb (“she used to do”). In the translation the referent (Peninnah) has been specified for clarity.

[1:7]  ² tn Heb “she”; the referent (Hannah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:7]  ³ tn Heb “she”; the referent (Peninnah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[2:14]  ⁴ tn Heb “to all Israel.”

[4:20]  ⁵ tn Heb “and she did not set her heart.”

[7:8]  ⁶ tn Heb “don’t stop.”

[7:8]  ⁷ tc The LXX reads “your God” rather than the MT’s “our God.”

[7:8]  ⁸ tn After the negated jussive, the prefixed verbal form with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose/result.

[11:4]  ⁹ tn Heb “to Gibeah of Saul.”

[11:4]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “lifted their voice and wept.”

[17:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Israel.”