Ayub 18:20

18:20 People of the west ¹  are appalled at his fate; ² 

people of the east are seized with horror, ³  saying, ⁴ 

Ayub 27:6

27:6 I will maintain my righteousness

and never let it go;

my conscience ⁵  will not reproach me

for as long as I live. ⁶ 

Ayub 30:25

30:25 Have I not wept for the unfortunate? ⁷ 

Was not my soul grieved for the poor?

Ayub 33:15

33:15 In a dream, a night vision,

when deep sleep falls on people

as they sleep in their beds.

[18:20]  ¹ tn The word אַחֲרֹנִים (’akharonim) means “those [men] coming after.” And the next word, קַדְמֹנִים (qadmonim), means “those [men] coming before.” Some commentators have tried to see here references to people who lived before and people who lived after, but that does not explain their being appalled at the fate of the wicked. So the normal way this is taken is in connection to the geography, notably the seas – “the hinder sea” refers to the Mediterranean, the West, and “the front sea” refers to the Dead Sea (Zech 14:8), namely, the East. The versions understood this as temporal: “the last groaned for him, and wonder seized the first” (LXX).

[18:20]  ² tn Heb “his day.”

[18:20]  ³ tn The expression has “they seize horror.” The RSV renders this “horror seizes them.” The same idiom is found in Job 21:6: “laid hold on shuddering.” The idiom would solve the grammatical problem, and not change the meaning greatly; but it would change the parallelism.

[18:20]  ⁴ tn The word “saying” is supplied in the translation to mark and introduce the following as a quotation of these people who are seized with horror. The alternative is to take v. 21 as Bildad’s own summary statement (cf. G. R. Driver and G. B. Gray, Job [ICC], 2:162; J. E. Hartley, Job [NICOT], 280).

[27:6]  ⁵ tn Heb “my heart.”

[27:6]  ⁶ tn The prepositional phrase “from my days” probably means “from the days of my birth,” or “all my life.”

[30:25]  ⁷ tn Heb “for the hard of day.”