[40:12] 1 tn The expression translated “on the spot” is the prepositional phrase תַּחְתָּם (takhtam, “under them”). “Under them” means in their place. But it can also mean “where someone stands, on the spot” (see Exod 16:29; Jos 6:5; Judg 7:21, etc.).
[40:13] 2 tn The word “dust” can mean “ground” here, or more likely, “grave.”
[40:13] 3 tn The verb חָבַשׁ (khavash) means “to bind.” In Arabic the word means “to bind” in the sense of “to imprison,” and that fits here.
[40:13] 4 tn Heb “their faces.”
[40:13] 5 tn The word is “secret place,” the place where he is to hide them, i.e., the grave. The text uses the word “secret place” as a metonymy for the grave.
[40:14] 6 tn The verb is usually translated “praise,” but with the sense of a public declaration or acknowledgment. It is from יָדָה (yadah, in the Hiphil, as here, “give thanks, laud”).
[40:14] 7 tn The imperfect verb has the nuance of potential imperfect: “can save; is able to save.”
