Daniel 6:18

6:18 Then the king departed to his palace. But he spent the night without eating, and no diversions ¹  were brought to him. He was unable to sleep. ² 

Daniel 9:3

9:3 So I turned my attention ³  to the Lord God ⁴  to implore him by prayer and requests, with fasting, sackcloth, and ashes. ⁵ 

Daniel 11:18

11:18 Then he will turn his attention ⁶  to the coastal regions and will capture many of them. But a commander ⁷  will bring his shameful conduct to a halt; in addition, ⁸  he will make him pay for his shameful conduct. ⁹ 

Daniel 11:44

11:44 But reports will trouble him from the east and north, and he will set out in a tremendous rage to destroy and wipe out many.

[6:18]  ¹ tn The meaning of Aramaic דַּחֲוָה (dakhavah) is a crux interpretum. Suggestions include “music,” “dancing girls,” “concubines,” “table,” “food” – all of which are uncertain. The translation employed here, suggested by earlier scholars, is deliberately vague. A number of recent English versions follow a similar approach with “entertainment” (e.g., NASB, NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT). On this word see further, HALOT 1849-50 s.v.; E. Vogt, Lexicon linguae aramaicae, 37.

[6:18]  ² tn Aram “his sleep fled from him.”

[9:3]  ³ tn Heb “face.”

[9:3]  ⁴ tn The Hebrew phrase translated “Lord God” here is אֲדֹנָי הָאֱלֹהִים (’adonay ha’elohim).

[9:3]  ⁵ sn When lamenting, ancient Israelites would fast, wear sackcloth, and put ashes on their heads to show their sorrow and contrition.

[11:18]  ⁶ tn Heb “his face.” See v. 19 as well.

[11:18]  ⁷ sn The commander is probably the Roman commander, Lucius Cornelius Scipio.

[11:18]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew here is difficult in that the negative בִּלְתִּי (biltiy, “not”) is used in an unusual way. The sense is not entirely clear.

[11:18]  ⁹ tn Heb “his shameful conduct he will return to him.”