Ulangan 32:35
Konteks32:35 I will get revenge and pay them back
at the time their foot slips;
for the day of their disaster is near,
and the impending judgment 1 is rushing upon them!”
Ulangan 32:2
Konteks32:2 My teaching will drop like the rain,
my sayings will drip like the dew, 2
as rain drops upon the grass,
and showers upon new growth.
1 Samuel 22:1
Konteks22:1 So David left there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s family 3 learned about it, they went down there to him.
Nahum 1:2
Konteks1:2 The Lord is a zealous 4 and avenging 5 God;
the Lord is avenging and very angry. 6
The Lord takes vengeance 7 against his foes;
he sustains his rage 8 against his enemies.
Roma 12:19
Konteks12:19 Do not avenge yourselves, dear friends, but give place to God’s wrath, 9 for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,” 10 says the Lord.
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[32:35] 1 tn Heb “prepared things,” “impending things.” See BDB 800 s.v. עָתִיד.
[32:2] 2 tn Or “mist,” “light drizzle.” In some contexts the term appears to refer to light rain, rather than dew.
[1:2] 4 tn Heb “jealous.” The Hebrew term קַנּוֹא (qanno’, “jealous, zealous”) refers to God’s zealous protection of his people and his furious judgment against his enemies. The root קָנָא (qana’) can denote jealous envy (Gen 26:14; 30:1; 37:11; Pss 37:1; 73:3; 106:16; Prov 3:31; 23:17; 24:1, 19; Ezek 31:9), jealous rivalry (Eccl 4:4; 9:6; Isa 11:13), marital jealousy (Num 5:14, 15, 18, 25, 30; Prov 6:34; 27:4), zealous loyalty (Num 11:29; 25:11, 13; 2 Sam 21:2; 1 Kgs 19:10, 14; 2 Kgs 10:16; Ps 69:10; Song 8:6; Isa 9:6; 37:32; 42:13; 59:17; 63:15; Zech 1:14; 8:2), jealous anger (Deut 32:16, 21; Ps 78:58), and zealous fury (Exod 34:14; Deut 5:9; 29:19; 1 Kgs 14:22; Job 5:2; Pss 79:5; 119:139; Prov 14:30; Isa 26:11; Ezek 5:13; 8:3; 16:38, 42; 23:25; 35:11; 36:5, 6; 38:19; Zeph 1:18). See BDB 888 s.v. קָנָא; E. Reuter, TDOT 13:47-58.
[1:2] 5 tn The syntax of this line has been understood in two ways: (1) as a single clause with the
[1:2] 6 tn Or “exceedingly wrathful”; Heb “a lord of wrath.” The idiom “lord of wrath” (וּבַעַל חֵמָה, uva’al khemah) means “wrathful” or “full of wrath” (Prov 22:24; 29:22). The noun “lord” (בַעַל) is used in construct as an idiom to describe a person’s outstanding characteristic or attribute (e.g., Gen 37:19; 1 Sam 28:7; 2 Kgs 1:8; Prov 1:17; 18:9; 22:24; 23:2; 24:8; Eccl 7:12; 8:8; 10:11, 20; Isa 41:15; 50:8; Dan 8:6, 20); see IBHS 149-51 §9.5.3.
[1:2] 7 tn The term נָקַם (naqam, “avenge, vengeance”) is used three times in 1:2 for emphasis. The
[1:2] 8 tn The verb “rage” (נָטַר, natar) is used elsewhere of keeping a vineyard (Song 1:6; 8:11-12) and guarding a secret (Dan 7:28). When used of anger, it does not so much mean “to control anger” or “to be slow to anger” (HALOT 695 s.v.) but “to stay angry” (TWOT 2:576). It describes a person bearing a grudge, seeking revenge, and refusing to forgive (Lev 19:18). It is often used as a synonym of שָׁמַר (shamar, “to maintain wrath, stay angry”) in collocation with לְעוֹלָם (lÿ’olam, “forever, always”) and לָעַד (la’ad, “continually”) to picture God harboring rage against his enemies forever (Jer 3:5, 12; Amos 1:11; Ps 103:9). The long-term rage depicted by נָטַר (“maintain rage”) serves as an appropriate bridge to the following statement in Nahum that the
[12:19] 9 tn Grk “the wrath,” referring to God’s wrath as the remainder of the verse shows.
[12:19] 10 sn A quotation from Deut 32:35.