Ulangan 32:5

32:5 His people have been unfaithful ¹  to him;

they have not acted like his children ²  – this is their sin. ³ 

They are a perverse ⁴  and deceitful generation.

Mazmur 122:5

122:5 Indeed, ⁵  the leaders sit ⁶  there on thrones and make legal decisions,

on the thrones of the house of David. ⁷ 

Matius 17:17

17:17 Jesus answered, ⁸  “You ⁹  unbelieving ¹⁰  and perverse generation! How much longer ¹¹  must I be with you? How much longer must I endure ¹²  you? ¹³  Bring him here to me.”

Kisah Para Rasul 20:30

20:30 Even from among your own group ¹⁴  men ¹⁵  will arise, teaching perversions of the truth ¹⁶  to draw the disciples away after them.

Kisah Para Rasul 20:1

Paul Travels Through Macedonia and Greece

20:1 After the disturbance had ended, Paul sent for the disciples, and after encouraging ¹⁷  them and saying farewell, ¹⁸  he left to go to Macedonia. ¹⁹ 

Pengkhotbah 2:12

Wisdom is Better than Folly

2:12 Next, I decided to consider ²⁰  wisdom, as well as foolish behavior and ideas. ²¹ 

For what more can the king’s successor do than what the king ²²  has already done?

[32:5]  ¹ tc The 3rd person masculine singular שָׁחַת (shakhat) is rendered as 3rd person masculine plural by Smr, a reading supported by the plural suffix on מוּם (mum, “defect”) as well as the plural of בֵּן (ben, “sons”).

[32:5]  tn Heb “have acted corruptly” (so NASB, NIV, NLT); NRSV “have dealt falsely.”

[32:5]  ² tn Heb “(they are) not his sons.”

[32:5]  ³ tn Heb “defect” (so NASB). This highly elliptical line suggests that Israel’s major fault was its failure to act like God’s people; in fact, they acted quite the contrary.

[32:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “twisted,” “crooked.” See Ps 18:26.

[122:5]  ⁵ tn Or “for.”

[122:5]  ⁶ tn Or “sat.”

[122:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “Indeed, there they sit [on] thrones for judgment, [on] thrones [belonging] to the house of David.”

[17:17]  ⁸ tn Grk “And answering, Jesus said.” This is somewhat redundant and has been simplified in the translation.

[17:17]  ⁹ tn Grk “O.” The marker of direct address, ὦ (w), is functionally equivalent to a vocative and is represented in the translation by “you.”

[17:17]  ¹⁰ tn Or “faithless.”

[17:17]  sn The rebuke for lack of faith has OT roots: Num 14:27; Deut 32:5, 30; Isa 59:8.

[17:17]  ¹¹ tn Grk “how long.”

[17:17]  ¹² tn Or “put up with.” See Num 11:12; Isa 46:4.

[17:17]  ¹³ sn The pronouns you…you are plural, indicating that Jesus is speaking to a group rather than an individual.

[20:30]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “from among yourselves.”

[20:30]  ¹⁵ tn The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which only rarely is used in a generic sense to refer to both males and females. Since Paul is speaking to the Ephesian elders at this point and there is nothing in the context to suggest women were included in that group (“from among your own group”), it is most likely Paul was not predicting that these false teachers would include women.

[20:30]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “speaking crooked things”; BDAG 237 s.v. διαστρέφω 2 has “λαλεῖν διεστραμμένα teach perversions (of the truth) Ac 20:30.”

[20:30]  sn These perversions of the truth refer to the kinds of threats that would undermine repentance toward God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ (cf. v. 21). Instead these false teachers would arise from within the Ephesian congregation (cf. 1 John 2:18-19) and would seek to draw the disciples away after them.

[20:1]  ¹⁷ tn Or “exhorting.”

[20:1]  ¹⁸ tn Or “and taking leave of them.”

[20:1]  ¹⁹ sn Macedonia was the Roman province of Macedonia in Greece.

[2:12]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and I turned to see.”

[2:12]  ²¹ sn See 1:17 for the same expression. Throughout 2:1-11, Qoheleth evaluated the merits of merrymaking (2:1-3), accomplishing grand things (2:4-6), amassing great wealth (2:7-8), and secular acquisitions and accomplishments (2:9-10). Now, he reflects on the benefit in life in living wisely and not giving oneself over to frivolous self-indulgence.

[2:12]  ²² tc The Hebrew text reads עָשׂוּהוּ (’asuhu, “they have done it”; Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural from עָשַׂה [’asah] + 3rd person masculine singular suffix). However, many medieval Hebrew mss read עָשָׂהוּ (’asahu, “he has done”; Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular from עָשַׂה), reflected in the LXX and Syriac. The error was caused by dittography (ו, vav, written twice) or by orthographic confusion between ו and ה (hey) in הוו (confused as והוו) at the end of 2:12 and beginning of 2:13. The 3rd person masculine singular referent of עָשׂוּהוּ “what he has done” is the king, that is, Qoheleth himself. The referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.