Keluaran 34:16

34:16 and you then take ¹  his daughters for your sons, and when his daughters prostitute themselves to their gods, they will make your sons prostitute themselves to their gods as well.

Bilangan 25:1-2

Israel’s Sin with the Moabite Women

25:1 ² When ³  Israel lived in Shittim, the people began to commit sexual immorality ⁴  with the daughters of Moab. 25:2 These women invited ⁵  the people to the sacrifices of their gods; then the people ate and bowed down to their gods. ⁶ 

Ulangan 21:11-13

21:11 if you should see among them ⁷  an attractive woman whom you wish to take as a wife, 21:12 you may bring her back to your house. She must shave her head, ⁸  trim her nails, 21:13 discard the clothing she was wearing when captured, ⁹  and stay ¹⁰  in your house, lamenting for her father and mother for a full month. After that you may have sexual relations ¹¹  with her and become her husband and she your wife.

Ulangan 21:1

Laws Concerning Unsolved Murder

21:1 If a homicide victim ¹²  should be found lying in a field in the land the Lord your God is giving you, ¹³  and no one knows who killed ¹⁴  him,

Kisah Para Rasul 11:1-2

Peter Defends His Actions to the Jerusalem Church

11:1 Now the apostles and the brothers who were throughout Judea heard that the Gentiles too had accepted ¹⁵  the word of God. ¹⁶  11:2 So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, ¹⁷  the circumcised believers ¹⁸  took issue with ¹⁹  him,

Nehemia 13:23

13:23 Also in those days I saw the men of Judah who had married women from Ashdod, Ammon, and Moab.

Mazmur 106:35

106:35 They mixed in with the nations

and learned their ways. ²⁰ 

Yeremia 10:2

10:2 The Lord says,

“Do not start following pagan religious practices. ²¹ 

Do not be in awe of signs that occur ²²  in the sky

even though the nations hold them in awe.

[34:16]  ¹ tn In the construction this verb would follow as a possible outcome of the last event, and so remain in the verbal sequence. If the people participate in the festivals of the land, then they will intermarry, and that could lead to further involvement with idolatry.

[25:1]  ² sn Chapter 25 tells of Israel’s sins on the steppes of Moab, and God’s punishment. In the overall plan of the book, here we have another possible threat to God’s program, although here it comes from within the camp (Balaam was the threat from without). If the Moabites could not defeat them one way, they would try another. The chapter has three parts: fornication (vv. 1-3), God’s punishment (vv. 4-9), and aftermath (vv. 10-18). See further G. E. Mendenhall, The Tenth Generation, 105-21; and S. C. Reif, “What Enraged Phinehas? A Study of Numbers 25:8,” JBL 90 (1971): 200-206.

[25:1]  ³ tn This first preterite is subordinated to the next as a temporal clause; it is not giving a parallel action, but the setting for the event.

[25:1]  ⁴ sn The account apparently means that the men were having sex with the Moabite women. Why the men submitted to such a temptation at this point is hard to say. It may be that as military heroes the men took liberties with the women of occupied territories.

[25:2]  ⁵ tn The verb simply says “they called,” but it is a feminine plural. And so the women who engaged in immoral acts with Hebrew men invited them to their temple ritual.

[25:2]  ⁶ sn What Israel experienced here was some of the debased ritual practices of the Canaanite people. The act of prostrating themselves before the pagan deities was probably participation in a fertility ritual, nothing short of cultic prostitution. This was a blatant disregard of the covenant and the Law. If something were not done, the nation would have destroyed itself.

[21:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “the prisoners.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy.

[21:12]  ⁸ sn This requirement for the woman to shave her head may symbolize the putting away of the old life and customs in preparation for being numbered among the people of the Lord. The same is true for the two following requirements.

[21:13]  ⁹ tn Heb “she is to…remove the clothing of her captivity” (cf. NASB); NRSV “discard her captive’s garb.”

[21:13]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “sit”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “remain.”

[21:13]  ¹¹ tn Heb “go unto,” a common Hebrew euphemism for sexual relations.

[21:1]  ¹² tn Heb “slain [one].” The term חָלָל (khalal) suggests something other than a natural death (cf. Num 19:16; 23:24; Jer 51:52; Ezek 26:15; 30:24; 31:17-18).

[21:1]  ¹³ tn The Hebrew text includes “to possess it,” but this has not been included in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[21:1]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “struck,” but in context a fatal blow is meant; cf. NLT “who committed the murder.”

[11:1]  ¹⁵ tn See BDAG 221 s.v. δέχομαι 5 for this translation of ἐδέξαντο (edexanto) here.

[11:1]  ¹⁶ tn Here the phrase “word of God” is another way to describe the gospel (note the preceding verb ἐδέξαντο, edexanto, “accepted”). The phrase could also be translated “the word [message] from God.”

[11:2]  ¹⁷ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[11:2]  ¹⁸ tn Or “the Jewish Christians”; Grk “those of the circumcision.” Within the larger group of Christians were some whose loyalties ran along ethnic-religious lines.

[11:2]  ¹⁹ tn Or “believers disputed with,” “believers criticized” (BDAG 231 s.v. διακρίνω 5.b).

[106:35]  ²⁰ tn Heb “their deeds.”

[10:2]  ²¹ tn Heb “Do not learn the way of the nations.” For this use of the word “ways” (דֶּרֶךְ, derekh) compare for example Jer 12:16 and Isa 2:6.

[10:2]  ²² tn Heb “signs.” The words “that occur” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[10:2]  sn The Hebrew word translated here “things that go on in the sky” (אֹתוֹת, ’otot) refers both to unusual disturbances such as eclipses, comets, meteors, etc., but also to such things as the changes in the position of the sun, moon, and stars in conjunction with the changes in seasons (cf. Gen 1:14). The people of Assyria and Babylonia worshiped the sun, moon, and stars, thinking that these heavenly bodies had some hold over them.