Keluaran 9:23-24

9:23 When Moses extended ¹  his staff toward the sky, the Lord ²  sent thunder ³  and hail, and fire fell to the earth; ⁴  so the Lord caused hail to rain down on the land of Egypt. 9:24 Hail fell ⁵  and fire mingled ⁶  with the hail; the hail was so severe ⁷  that there had not been any like it ⁸  in all the land of Egypt since it had become a nation.

Yosua 10:11

10:11 As they fled from Israel on the slope leading down from ⁹  Beth Horon, the Lord threw down on them large hailstones from the sky, ¹⁰  all the way to Azekah. They died – in fact, more died from the hailstones than the Israelites killed with the sword.

Yosua 10:2

10:2 All Jerusalem was terrified ¹¹  because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities. It was larger than Ai and all its men were warriors.

1 Samuel 22:13-15

22:13 Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and this son of Jesse? You gave ¹²  him bread and a sword and inquired of God on his behalf, so that he opposes ¹³  me and waits in ambush, as is the case today!”

22:14 Ahimelech replied to the king, “Who among all your servants is faithful like David? He is the king’s son-in-law, the leader of your bodyguard, and honored in your house! 22:15 Was it just today that I began to inquire of God on his behalf? Far be it from me! The king should not accuse ¹⁴  his servant or any of my father’s house. For your servant is not aware of all this – not in whole or in part!” ¹⁵ 

Wahyu 16:21

16:21 And gigantic hailstones, weighing about a hundred pounds ¹⁶  each, fell from heaven ¹⁷  on people, ¹⁸  but they ¹⁹  blasphemed God because of the plague of hail, since it ²⁰  was so horrendous. ²¹ 

[9:23]  ¹ tn The preterite with the vav (ו) consecutive is here subordinated to the next clause in view of the emphasis put on the subject, Yahweh, by the disjunctive word order of that clause.

[9:23]  ² tn By starting the clause with the subject (an example of disjunctive word order) the text is certainly stressing that Yahweh alone did this.

[9:23]  ³ tn The expression נָתַן קֹלֹת (natan qolot) literally means “gave voices” (also “voice”). This is a poetic expression for sending the thunder. Ps 29:3 talks about the “voice of Yahweh” – the God of glory thunders!

[9:23]  ⁴ sn This clause has been variously interpreted. Lightning would ordinarily accompany thunder; in this case the mention of fire could indicate that the lightning was beyond normal and that it was striking in such a way as to start fires on the ground. It could also mean that fire went along the ground from the pounding hail.

[9:24]  ⁵ tn The verb is the common preterite וַיְהִי (vayÿhi), which is normally translated “and there was” if it is translated at all. The verb הָיָה (hayah), however, can mean “be, become, befall, fall, fall out, happen.” Here it could be simply translated “there was hail,” but the active “hail fell” fits the point of the sequence better.

[9:24]  ⁶ tn The form מִתְלַקַּחַת (mitlaqqakhat) is a Hitpael participle; the clause reads, “and fire taking hold of itself in the midst of the hail.” This probably refers to lightning flashing back and forth. See also Ezek 1:4. God created a great storm with flashing fire connected to it.

[9:24]  ⁷ tn Heb “very heavy” or “very severe.” The subject “the hail” is implied.

[9:24]  ⁸ tn A literal reading of the clause would be “which there was not like it in all the land of Egypt.” The relative pronoun must be joined to the resumptive pronoun: “which like it (like which) there had not been.”

[10:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “on the descent of.”

[10:11]  ¹⁰ tn Or “heaven” (also in v. 13). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[10:2]  ¹¹ tn This statement is subordinated to v. 1 in the Hebrew text, which reads literally, “When Adoni-Zedek…they feared greatly.” The subject of the plural verb at the beginning of v. 2 is probably the residents of Jerusalem.

[22:13]  ¹² tn Heb “by giving.”

[22:13]  ¹³ tn Heb “rises up against.”

[22:15]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “set a matter against.”

[22:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “small or great.”

[16:21]  ¹⁶ tn Here BDAG 988 s.v. ταλαντιαῖος states, “weighing a talent…χάλαζα μεγάλη ὡς ταλαντιαία a severe hailstorm with hailstones weighing a talent (the talent=125 librae, or Roman pounds of c. 343 gr. or 12 ounces each) (weighing about a hundred pounds NRSV) Rv 16:21.” This means each hailstone would weigh just under 100 pounds or 40 kilograms.

[16:21]  ¹⁷ tn Or “the sky.” Due to the apocalyptic nature of this book, it is probably best to leave the translation as “from heaven,” since God is ultimately the source of the judgment.

[16:21]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “on men,” but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in a generic sense to refer to people in general (the hailstones did not single out adult males, but would have also fallen on women and children).

[16:21]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the men”; for stylistic reasons the pronoun “they” is used here.

[16:21]  ²⁰ tn Grk “the plague of it.”

[16:21]  ²¹ tn Grk “since the plague of it was exceedingly great.”