Keluaran 13:4

13:4 On this day, ¹  in the month of Abib, ²  you are going out. ³ 

Keluaran 23:15

23:15 You are to observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread; seven days ⁴  you must eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you, at the appointed time of the month of Abib, for at that time ⁵  you came out of Egypt. No one may appear before ⁶  me empty-handed.

Keluaran 34:18

34:18 “You must keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. For seven days ⁷  you must eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you; do this ⁸  at the appointed time of the month Abib, for in the month Abib you came out of Egypt.

Imamat 23:5

23:5 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at twilight, ⁹  is a Passover offering to the Lord.

Bilangan 28:16

Passover and Unleavened Bread

28:16 “‘On the fourteenth day of the first month is the Lord’s Passover.

Ulangan 16:1

The Passover-Unleavened Bread Festival

16:1 Observe the month Abib ¹⁰  and keep the Passover to the Lord your God, for in that month ¹¹  he ¹²  brought you out of Egypt by night.

Ester 3:7

3:7 In the first month (that is, the month of Nisan), in the twelfth year ¹³  of King Ahasuerus’ reign, pur ¹⁴  (that is, the lot) was cast before Haman in order to determine a day and a month. ¹⁵  It turned out to be the twelfth month (that is, the month of Adar). ¹⁶ 

[13:4]  ¹ tn The word הַיּוֹם (hayyom) means literally “the day, today, this day.” In this sentence it functions as an adverbial accusative explaining when the event took place.

[13:4]  ² sn Abib appears to be an old name for the month, meaning something like “[month of] fresh young ears” (Lev 2:14 [Heb]) (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 106). B. Jacob (Exodus, 364) explains that these names were not precise designations, but general seasons based on the lunar year in the agricultural setting.

[13:4]  ³ tn The form is the active participle, functioning verbally.

[23:15]  ⁴ tn This is an adverbial accusative of time.

[23:15]  ⁵ tn Heb “in it.”

[23:15]  ⁶ tn The verb is a Niphal imperfect; the nuance of permission works well here – no one is permitted to appear before God empty (Heb “and they will not appear before me empty”).

[34:18]  ⁷ tn This is an adverbial accusative of time.

[34:18]  ⁸ tn The words “do this” have been supplied.

[23:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “between the two evenings,” perhaps designating the time between the setting of the sun and the true darkness of night. Cf. KJV, ASV “at even”; NAB “at the evening twilight.”

[23:5]  sn See B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 156, for a full discussion of the issues raised in this verse. The rabbinic tradition places the slaughter of Passover offerings between approximately 3:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m., not precisely at twilight. Moreover, the term פֶּסַח (pesakh) may mean “protective offering” rather than “Passover offering,” although they amount to about the same thing in the historical context of the exodus from Egypt (see Exod 11-12).

[16:1]  ¹⁰ sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar.

[16:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[16:1]  ¹² tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[3:7]  ¹³ sn This year would be ca. 474 b.c. The reference to first month and twelfth month indicate that about a year had elapsed between this determination and the anticipated execution.

[3:7]  ¹⁴ tn The term פּוּר (pur, “lot”) is an Akkadian loanword; the narrator therefore explains it for his Hebrew readers (“that is, the lot”). It is from the plural form of this word (i.e., Purim) that the festival celebrating the deliverance of the Jews takes its name (cf. 9:24, 26, 28, 31).

[3:7]  ¹⁵ tc The LXX adds the following words: “in order to destroy in one day the race of Mordecai, and the lot fell on the fourteenth day of the month.” The LXX reading is included by NAB.

[3:7]  tn Heb “from day to day and from month to month” (so KJV, NASB).

[3:7]  ¹⁶ tn Since v. 7 seems to interrupt the flow of the narrative, many scholars have suggested that it is a late addition to the text. But there is not enough evidence to warrant such a conclusion. Even though its placement is somewhat awkward, the verse supplies to the reader an important piece of chronological information.