Ezra 5:12

5:12 But after our ancestors ¹  angered the God of heaven, he delivered them into the hands ²  of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this temple and exiled the people to Babylon. ³ 

Yeremia 32:28

32:28 Therefore I, the Lord, say: ⁴  ‘I will indeed hand ⁵  this city over to King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and the Babylonian army. ⁶  They will capture it.

Ratapan 2:21

ש (Sin/Shin)

2:21 The young boys and old men

lie dead on the ground in the streets.

My young women ⁷  and my young men

have fallen by the sword.

You killed them when you were angry; ⁸ 

you slaughtered them without mercy. ⁹ 

Yehezkiel 9:6

9:6 Old men, young men, young women, little children, and women – wipe them out! But do not touch anyone who has the mark. Begin at my sanctuary!” So they began with the elders who were at the front of the temple.

[5:12]  ¹ tn Aram “fathers.”

[5:12]  ² tn Aram “hand” (singular).

[5:12]  ³ sn A reference to the catastrophic events of 586 b.c.

[32:28]  ⁴ tn Heb “Thus says the Lord.” However, the speech has already been introduced as first person. So the first person style has been retained for smoother narrative style.

[32:28]  ⁵ tn Heb “Behold, I will give this city into the hand of…”

[32:28]  ⁶ tn Heb “The Chaldeans.” See the study note on 21:4 for further explanation.

[2:21]  ⁷ tn Heb “virgins.” The term “virgin” probably functions as a metonymy of association for single young women.

[2:21]  ⁸ tn Heb “in the day of your anger.” The construction בָּיוֹם (bayom, “in the day of…”) is a common Hebrew idiom, meaning “when…” (e.g., Gen 2:4; Lev 7:35; Num 3:1; Deut 4:15; 2 Sam 22:1; Pss 18:1; 138:3; Zech 8:9). This temporal idiom refers to a general time period, but uses the term “day” as a forceful rhetorical device to emphasize the vividness and drama of the event, depicting it as occurring within a single day. In the ancient Near East, military minded kings often referred to a successful campaign as “the day of X” in order to portray themselves as powerful conquerors who, as it were, could inaugurate and complete a victory military campaign within the span of one day.

[2:21]  ⁹ tc The MT reads לֹא חָמָלְתָּ (lo’ khamalta, “You showed no mercy”). However, many medieval Hebrew mss and most of the ancient versions (Aramaic Targum, Syriac Peshitta and Latin Vulgate) read וְלֹא חָמָלְתָּ (vÿlo’ khamalta, “and You showed no mercy”).