Kejadian 14:14-16

14:14 When Abram heard that his nephew ¹  had been taken captive, he mobilized ²  his 318 trained men who had been born in his household, and he pursued the invaders ³  as far as Dan. ⁴  14:15 Then, during the night, ⁵  Abram ⁶  divided his forces ⁷  against them and defeated them. He chased them as far as Hobah, which is north ⁸  of Damascus. 14:16 He retrieved all the stolen property. ⁹  He also brought back his nephew Lot and his possessions, as well as the women and the rest of ¹⁰  the people.

Kejadian 14:1

The Blessing of Victory for God’s People

14:1 At that time ¹¹  Amraphel king of Shinar, ¹²  Arioch king of Ellasar, Kedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations ¹³ 

1 Samuel 30:1-8

David Defeats the Amalekites

30:1 On the third day David and his men came to Ziklag. Now the Amalekites had raided the Negev and Ziklag. They attacked Ziklag and burned it. ¹⁴  30:2 They took captive the women who were in it, from the youngest to the oldest, but they did not kill anyone. They simply carried them off and went on their way.

30:3 When David and his men came to the city, they found it burned. ¹⁵  Their wives, sons, and daughters had been taken captive. 30:4 Then David and the men ¹⁶  who were with him wept loudly ¹⁷  until they could weep no more. ¹⁸  30:5 David’s two wives had been taken captive – Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the Carmelite, Nabal’s widow. 30:6 David was very upset, for the men ¹⁹  were thinking of stoning him; ²⁰  each man grieved bitterly ²¹  over his sons and daughters. But David drew strength from the Lord his God.

30:7 Then David said to the priest Abiathar son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 30:8 David inquired of the Lord, saying, “Should I pursue this raiding band? Will I overtake them?” He said to him, “Pursue, for you will certainly overtake them and carry out a rescue!”

1 Samuel 30:18-20

30:18 David retrieved everything the Amalekites had taken; he ²²  also rescued his two wives. 30:19 There was nothing missing, whether small or great. He retrieved sons and daughters, the plunder, and everything else they had taken. ²³  David brought everything back. 30:20 David took all the flocks and herds and drove them in front of the rest of the animals. People were saying, “This is David’s plunder!”

[14:14]  ¹ tn Heb “his brother,” by extension, “relative.” Here and in v. 16 the more specific term “nephew” has been used in the translation for clarity. Lot was the son of Haran, Abram’s brother (Gen 11:27).

[14:14]  ² tn The verb וַיָּרֶק (vayyareq) is a rare form, probably related to the word רֵיק (req, “to be empty”). If so, it would be a very figurative use: “he emptied out” (or perhaps “unsheathed”) his men. The LXX has “mustered” (cf. NEB). E. A. Speiser (Genesis [AB], 103-4) suggests reading with the Samaritan Pentateuch a verb diq, cognate with Akkadian deku, “to mobilize” troops. If this view is accepted, one must assume that a confusion of the Hebrew letters ד (dalet) and ר (resh) led to the error in the traditional Hebrew text. These two letters are easily confused in all phases of ancient Hebrew script development. The present translation is based on this view.

[14:14]  ³ tn The words “the invaders” have been supplied in the translation for clarification.

[14:14]  ⁴ sn The use of the name Dan reflects a later perspective. The Danites did not migrate to this northern territory until centuries later (see Judg 18:29). Furthermore Dan was not even born until much later. By inserting this name a scribe has clarified the location of the region.

[14:15]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text simply has “night” as an adverbial accusative.

[14:15]  ⁶ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Abram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:15]  ⁷ tn Heb “he divided himself…he and his servants.”

[14:15]  ⁸ tn Heb “left.” Directions in ancient Israel were given in relation to the east rather than the north.

[14:16]  ⁹ tn The word “stolen” is supplied in the translation for clarification.

[14:16]  ¹⁰ tn The phrase “the rest of “ has been supplied in the translation for clarification.

[14:1]  ¹¹ tn The sentence begins with the temporal indicator וַיְהִי (vayÿhi) followed by “in the days of.”

[14:1]  ¹² sn Shinar (also in v. 9) is the region of Babylonia.

[14:1]  ¹³ tn Or “king of Goyim.” The Hebrew term גּוֹיִם (goyim) means “nations,” but a number of modern translations merely transliterate the Hebrew (cf. NEB “Goyim”; NIV, NRSV “Goiim”).

[30:1]  ¹⁴ tn The Hebrew text adds “with fire.”

[30:3]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and David and his men came to the city, and look, it was burned with fire.”

[30:4]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “people.”

[30:4]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “lifted up their voice and wept.”

[30:4]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “until there was no longer in them strength to weep.”

[30:6]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “people.”

[30:6]  ²⁰ tn Heb “said to stone him.”

[30:6]  ²¹ tn Heb “for bitter was the soul of all the people, each one.”

[30:18]  ²² tn Heb “David.” The pronoun (“he”) has been substituted for the proper name in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[30:19]  ²³ tn Heb “there was nothing missing to them, from the small even unto the great, and unto sons and daughters, and from loot even unto all which they had taken for themselves.”