Imamat 1:4

1:4 He must lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to make atonement ¹  on his behalf.

Imamat 1:10

Animal from the Flock

1:10 “‘If his offering is from the flock for a burnt offering ²  – from the sheep or the goats – he must present a flawless male,

Imamat 2:10

2:10 The remainder of the grain offering belongs to Aaron and to his sons – it is ³  most holy from the gifts of the Lord.

Imamat 3:6

Animal from the Flock

3:6 “‘If his offering for a peace offering sacrifice to the Lord is from the flock, he must present a flawless male or female. ⁴ 

Imamat 3:16

3:16 Then the priest must offer them up in smoke on the altar as a food gift for a soothing aroma – all the fat belongs to the Lord.

Imamat 4:8

4:8 “‘Then he must take up all the fat from the sin offering bull: ⁵  the fat covering the entrails ⁶  and all the fat surrounding the entrails, ⁷ 

Imamat 4:32

4:32 “‘But if he brings a sheep as his offering, for a sin offering, he must bring a flawless female.

Imamat 6:5

6:5 or anything about which he swears falsely. ⁸  He must restore it in full ⁹  and add one fifth to it; he must give it to its owner when he is found guilty. ¹⁰ 

Imamat 7:25

7:25 If anyone eats fat from the animal from which he presents a gift to the Lord, that person will be cut off from his people. ¹¹ 

Imamat 8:18

8:18 Then he presented the burnt offering ram and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on the head of the ram,

Imamat 9:13

9:13 The burnt offering itself they handed ¹²  to him by its parts, including the head, ¹³  and he offered them up in smoke on the altar,

Imamat 9:17

9:17 Next he presented the grain offering, filled his hand with some of it, and offered it up in smoke on the altar in addition to the morning burnt offering. ¹⁴ 

Imamat 16:6

16:6 Then Aaron is to present the sin offering bull which is for himself and is to make atonement on behalf of himself and his household.

Imamat 23:27

23:27 “The ¹⁵  tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. ¹⁶  It is to be a holy assembly for you, and you must humble yourselves ¹⁷  and present a gift to the Lord.

[1:4]  ¹ tn “To make atonement” is the standard translation of the Hebrew term כִּפֶּר, (kipper); cf. however TEV “as a sacrifice to take away his sins” (CEV similar). The English word derives from a combination of “at” plus Middle English “one[ment],” referring primarily to reconciliation or reparation that is made in order to accomplish reconciliation. The primary meaning of the Hebrew verb, however, is “to wipe [something off (or on)]” (see esp. the goal of the sin offering, Lev 4, “to purge” the tabernacle from impurities), but in some cases it refers metaphorically to “wiping away” anything that might stand in the way of good relations by bringing a gift (see, e.g., Gen 32:20 [21 HT], “to appease; to pacify” as an illustration of this). The translation “make atonement” has been retained here because, ultimately, the goal of either purging or appeasing was to maintain a proper relationship between the Lord (who dwelt in the tabernacle) and Israelites in whose midst the tabernacle was pitched (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:689-710 for a full discussion of the Hebrew word meaning “to make atonement” and its theological significance).

[1:10]  ² tn Heb “And if from the flock is his offering, from the sheep or from the goats, for a burnt offering.” Here “flock” specifies the broad category, with “sheep or goats” giving specific examples.

[2:10]  ³ tn See the note on “it is” in v. 9b.

[3:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “a male or female without defect he shall present it”; cf. NLT “must have no physical defects.”

[4:8]  ⁵ tn Heb “all the fat of the bull of the sin offering he shall take up from it.”

[4:8]  ⁶ tc The MT has here the preposition עַל (’al, “on, upon” [i.e., “which covers on the entrails,” as awkward in Hebrew as it is in English]), but Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Targums read אֶת (’et), which is what would be expected (i.e., “which covers the entrails”; cf. Lev 3:3, 9, 14). It may have been mistakenly inserted here under the influence of “on (עַל) the entrails” at the end of the verse.

[4:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “and all the fat on the entrails.” The fat layer that covers the entrails as a whole (i.e., “that covers the entrails”) is different from the fat that surrounds and adheres to the various organs (“on the entrails,” i.e., surrounding them; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:205-7).

[6:5]  ⁸ tn Heb “or from all which he swears on it to falsehood.”

[6:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “in its head.” This refers “the full amount” in terms of the “principal,” the original item or amount obtained illegally (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:338; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 84).

[6:5]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “to whom it is to him he shall give it in the day of his being guilty.” The present translation is based on the view that he has been found guilty through the legal process (see the note on v. 4 above; cf., e.g., TEV and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 33-34). Others translate the latter part as “in the day he offers his guilt [reparation] offering” (e.g., NIV and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 73, 84), or “in the day he realizes his guilt” (e.g., NRSV and J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:319, 338).

[7:25]  ¹¹ sn See the note on Lev 7:20.

[9:13]  ¹² tn See the note on v. 12.

[9:13]  ¹³ tn Heb “and the burnt offering they handed to him to its parts and the head.”

[9:17]  ¹⁴ sn The latter part of the verse (“in addition to the morning burnt offering”) refers to the complex of morning (and evening) burnt and grain offerings that was the daily regulation for the tabernacle from the time of its erection (Exod 40:29). The regulations for it were appended to the end of the section of priestly consecration regulations in Exod 29 (see Exod 29:38-40) precisely because they were to be maintained throughout the priestly consecration period and beyond (Lev 8:33-36). Thus, the morning burnt and grain offerings would already have been placed on the altar before the inaugural burnt and grain offerings referred to here.

[23:27]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “Surely the tenth day” or perhaps “Precisely the tenth day.” The Hebrew adverbial particle אַךְ (’akh) is left untranslated by most recent English versions; cf. however NASB “On exactly the tenth day.”

[23:27]  ¹⁶ sn See the description of this day and its regulations in Lev 16 and the notes there.

[23:27]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “you shall humble your souls.” See the note on Lev 16:29 above.