Imamat 13:8

13:8 The priest must then examine it, ¹  and if ²  the scab has spread on the skin, then the priest is to pronounce the person unclean. ³  It is a disease.

Imamat 13:11

13:11 it is a chronic ⁴  disease on the skin of his body, ⁵  so the priest is to pronounce him unclean. ⁶  The priest ⁷  must not merely quarantine him, for he is unclean. ⁸ 

Imamat 13:20

13:20 The priest will then examine it, ⁹  and if ¹⁰  it appears to be deeper than the skin ¹¹  and its hair has turned white, then the priest is to pronounce the person unclean. ¹²  It is a diseased infection that has broken out in the boil. ¹³ 

Imamat 13:30

13:30 the priest is to examine the infection, ¹⁴  and if ¹⁵  it appears to be deeper than the skin ¹⁶  and the hair in it is reddish yellow and thin, then the priest is to pronounce the person unclean. ¹⁷  It is scall, ¹⁸  a disease of the head or the beard. ¹⁹ 

Imamat 21:1

Rules for the Priests

21:1 The Lord said to Moses: “Say to the priests, the sons of Aaron – say to them, ‘For a dead person ²⁰  no priest ²¹  is to defile himself among his people, ²² 

Bilangan 9:6

9:6 It happened that some men ²³  who were ceremonially defiled ²⁴  by the dead body of a man ²⁵  could not keep ²⁶  the Passover on that day, so they came before Moses and before Aaron on that day.

[13:8]  ¹ tn The “it” is not expressed but is to be understood. It refers to the “infection” (cf. the note on v. 2 above).

[13:8]  ² tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV).

[13:8]  ³ tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’, cf. the note on v. 3 above).

[13:11]  ⁴ tn The term rendered here “chronic” is a Niphal participle meaning “grown old” (HALOT 448 s.v. II ישׁן nif.2). The idea is that this is an old enduring skin disease that keeps on developing or recurring.

[13:11]  ⁵ tn Heb “in the skin of his flesh” as opposed to the head or the beard (v. 29; cf. v. 2 above).

[13:11]  ⁶ tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’, cf. the note on v. 3 above).

[13:11]  ⁷ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:11]  ⁸ sn Instead of just the normal quarantine isolation, this condition calls for the more drastic and enduring response stated in Lev 13:45-46. Raw flesh, of course, sometimes oozes blood to one degree or another, and blood flows are by nature impure (see, e.g., Lev 12 and 15; cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 191).

[13:20]  ⁹ tn Heb “and the priest shall see.” The pronoun “it” is unexpressed, but it should be assumed and it refers to the infection (cf. the note on v. 8 above).

[13:20]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and behold.”

[13:20]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and behold its appearance is low (שָׁפָל, shafal) ‘from’ (comparative מִן, min, “lower than”) the skin.” Compare “deeper” in v. 3 above where, however, a different word is used (עָמֹק, ’amoq), and see the note on “swelling” in v. 1 above (cf. J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 192; note that, contrary to the MT, Tg. Onq. has עָמֹק in this verse as well as v. 4). The alternation of these two terms (i.e., “deeper” and “lower”) in vv. 25-26 below shows that they both refer to the same phenomenon. Some have argued that “this sore was lower than the surrounding skin” (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:773, 788), in which case “swelling” would be an inappropriate translation of שְׂאֵת (sÿ’et) in v. 19. It seems unlikely, however, that the surface of a “boil” would sink below the surface of the surrounding skin. The infectious pus etc. that makes up a boil normally causes swelling.

[13:20]  ¹² tn The declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’, cf. the note on v. 3 above).

[13:20]  ¹³ tn Heb “It is an infection of disease. In the boil it has broken out.” For the rendering “diseased infection” see the note on v. 2 above.

[13:30]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and the priest shall see the infection.”

[13:30]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and behold.”

[13:30]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “its appearance is deep ‘from’ (comparative מִן, min, “deeper than”) the skin.”

[13:30]  ¹⁷ tn This is the declarative Piel of the verb טָמֵא (tame’; cf. the note on v. 3 above).

[13:30]  ¹⁸ tn The exact identification of this disease is unknown. Cf. KJV “dry scall”; NASB “a scale”; NIV, NCV, NRSV “an itch”; NLT “a contagious skin disease.” For a discussion of “scall” disease in the hair, which is a crusty scabby disease of the skin under the hair that also affects the hair itself, see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 192-93, and J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:793-94. The Hebrew word rendered “scall” (נֶתֶק, neteq) is related to a verb meaning “to tear; to tear out; to tear apart.” It may derive from the scratching and/or the tearing out of the hair or the scales of the skin in response to the itching sensation caused by the disease.

[13:30]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “It is scall. It is the disease of the head or the beard.”

[21:1]  ²⁰ tn The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh, “soul, person, life”) can sometimes refer to a “dead person” (cf. Lev 19:28 above and the literature cited there).

[21:1]  ²¹ tn Heb “no one,” but “priest” has been used in the translation to clarify that these restrictions are limited to the priests, not to the Israelites in general (note the introductory formula, “say to the priests, the sons of Aaron”).

[21:1]  ²² tc The MT has “in his peoples,” but Smr, LXX, Syriac, Targum, and Tg. Ps.-J. have “in his people,” referring to the Israelites as a whole.

[9:6]  ²³ tn In the Hebrew text the noun has no definite article, and so it signifies “some” or “certain” men.

[9:6]  ²⁴ tn The meaning, of course, is to be ceremonially unclean, and therefore disqualified from entering the sanctuary.

[9:6]  ²⁵ tn Or “a human corpse” (so NAB, NKJV). So also in v.7; cf. v. 10.

[9:6]  ²⁶ tn This clause begins with the vav (ו) conjunction and negative before the perfect tense. Here is the main verb of the sentence: They were not able to observe the Passover. The first part of the verse provides the explanation for their problem.