Imamat 19:20

Lying with a Slave Woman

19:20 “‘When a man has sexual intercourse with a woman, ¹  although she is a slave woman designated for another man and she has not yet been ransomed, or freedom has not been granted to her, there will be an obligation to pay compensation. ²  They must not be put to death, because she was not free.

Imamat 20:2-3

20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel ³  who gives any of his children ⁴  to Molech ⁵  must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. ⁶  20:3 I myself will set my face ⁷  against that man and cut him off from the midst of his people, ⁸  because he has given some of his children to Molech and thereby defiled my sanctuary and profaned my holy name. ⁹ 

Imamat 21:21

21:21 No man from the descendants of Aaron the priest who has a physical flaw may step forward ¹⁰  to present the Lord’s gifts; he has a physical flaw, so he must not step forward to present the food of his God.

Imamat 22:3

22:3 Say to them, ‘Throughout your generations, ¹¹  if any man from all your descendants approaches the holy offerings which the Israelites consecrate ¹²  to the Lord while he is impure, ¹³  that person must be cut off from before me. ¹⁴  I am the Lord.

Imamat 22:13

22:13 but if a priest’s daughter is a widow or divorced, and she has no children so that she returns to live in ¹⁵  her father’s house as in her youth, ¹⁶  she may eat from her father’s food, but no lay person may eat it.

Imamat 26:16

26:16 I for my part ¹⁷  will do this to you: I will inflict horror on you, consumption and fever, which diminish eyesight and drain away the vitality of life. ¹⁸  You will sow your seed in vain because ¹⁹  your enemies will eat it. ²⁰ 

[19:20]  ¹ tn Heb “And a man when he lies with a woman the lying of seed.”

[19:20]  ² sn That is, the woman had previously been assigned for marriage to another man but the marriage deal had not yet been consummated. In the meantime, the woman has lost her virginity and has, therefore, lost part of her value to the master in the sale to the man for whom she had been designated. Compensation was, therefore, required (see the explanation in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 130-31).

[20:2]  ³ tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”

[20:2]  ⁴ tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.

[20:2]  ⁵ tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.

[20:2]  ⁶ tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).

[20:3]  ⁷ tn Heb “And I, I shall give my faces.”

[20:3]  ⁸ sn On the “cut off” penalty see the notes on Lev 7:20 and 17:4.

[20:3]  ⁹ tn Heb “for the sake of defiling my sanctuary and to profane my holy name.”

[21:21]  ¹⁰ tn Or “shall approach” (see HALOT 670 s.v. נגשׁ).

[22:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “To your generations.”

[22:3]  ¹² tn The Piel (v. 2) and Hiphil (v. 3) forms of the verb קָדַשׁ (qadash) appear to be interchangeable in this context. Both mean “to consecrate” (Heb “make holy [or “sacred”]”).

[22:3]  ¹³ tn Heb “and his impurity [is] on him”; NIV “is ceremonially unclean”; NAB, NRSV “while he is in a state of uncleanness.”

[22:3]  ¹⁴ sn Regarding the “cut off” penalty, see the note on Lev 7:20. Cf. the interpretive translation of TEV “he can never again serve at the altar.”

[22:13]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “to”; the words “live in” have been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[22:13]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and seed there is not to her and she returns to the house of her father as her youth.” The mention of having “no children” appears to imply that her children, if she had any, should support her; this is made explicit by NLT’s “and has no children to support her.”

[26:16]  ¹⁷ tn Or “I also” (see HALOT 76 s.v. אַף 6.b).

[26:16]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “soul.” These expressions may refer either to the physical effects of consumption and fever as the rendering in the text suggests (e.g., J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 452, 454, “diminishing eyesight and loss of appetite”), or perhaps the more psychological effects, “which exhausts the eyes” because of anxious hope “and causes depression” (Heb “causes soul [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] to pine away”), e.g., B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 185.

[26:16]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have causal force here.

[26:16]  ²⁰ tn That is, “your enemies will eat” the produce that grows from the sown seed.