Imamat 4:28

4:28 or his sin that he committed ¹  is made known to him, ²  he must bring a flawless female goat ³  as his offering for the sin ⁴  that he committed.

Imamat 5:17

Unknown trespass

5:17 “If a person sins and violates any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated ⁵  (although he did not know it at the time, ⁶  but later realizes he is guilty), then he will bear his punishment for iniquity ⁷ 

Imamat 14:18

14:18 and the remainder of the olive oil ⁸  that is in his hand the priest is to put on the head of the one being cleansed. So the priest is to make atonement for him before the Lord.

Imamat 16:20

The Live Goat Ritual Procedures

16:20 “When he has finished purifying the holy place, ⁹  the Meeting Tent, and the altar, he is to present the live goat.

Imamat 16:33-34

16:33 and he is to purify ¹⁰  the Most Holy Place, ¹¹  he is to purify the Meeting Tent and the altar, ¹²  and he is to make atonement for ¹³  the priests and for all the people of the assembly. 16:34 This is to be a perpetual statute for you ¹⁴  to make atonement for the Israelites for ¹⁵  all their sins once a year.” ¹⁶  So he did just as the Lord had commanded Moses. ¹⁷ 

Imamat 22:16

22:16 and so cause them to incur a penalty for guilt ¹⁸  when they eat their holy offerings, ¹⁹  for I am the Lord who sanctifies them.’”

Imamat 23:38

23:38 besides ²⁰  the Sabbaths of the Lord and all your gifts, votive offerings, and freewill offerings which you must give to the Lord.

Imamat 25:9

25:9 You must sound loud horn blasts ²¹  – in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, on the Day of Atonement – you must sound the horn in your entire land.

Imamat 25:27

25:27 he is to calculate the value of the years it was sold, ²²  refund the balance ²³  to the man to whom he had sold it, and return to his property.

Imamat 27:3

27:3 the conversion value of the male ²⁴  from twenty years old up to sixty years old ²⁵  is fifty shekels by the standard of the sanctuary shekel. ²⁶ 

Imamat 27:10

27:10 He must not replace or exchange it, good for bad or bad for good, and if he does indeed exchange one animal for another animal, then both the original animal ²⁷  and its substitute will be holy.

Imamat 27:14

Redemption of Vowed Houses

27:14 “‘If a man consecrates his house as holy to the Lord, the priest will establish its conversion value, whether good or bad. Just as the priest establishes its conversion value, thus it will stand. ²⁸ 

Imamat 27:18

27:18 but if ²⁹  he consecrates his field after the jubilee, the priest will calculate the price ³⁰  for him according to the years that are left until the next jubilee year, and it will be deducted from the conversion value.

[4:28]  ¹ tn Heb “or his sin which he sinned is made known to him”; cf. NCV “when that person learns about his sin.”

[4:28]  ² tn Lev 4:27b-28a is essentially the same as 4:22b-23a (see the notes there).

[4:28]  ³ tn Heb “a she-goat of goats, a female without defect”; NAB “an unblemished she-goat.”

[4:28]  ⁴ tn Heb “on his sin.”

[5:17]  ⁵ tn Heb “and does one from all of the commandments of the Lord which must not be done.”

[5:17]  ⁶ tn The words “at the time” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[5:17]  ⁷ tn Heb “and he did not know, and he shall be guilty and he shall bear his iniquity” (for the rendering “bear his punishment [for iniquity]”) see the note on Lev 5:1.) This portion of v. 17 is especially difficult. The translation offered here suggests (as in many other English versions) that the offender did not originally know that he had violated the Lord’s commandments, but then came to know it and dealt with it accordingly (cf. the corresponding sin offering section in Lev 5:1-4). Another possibility is that it refers to a situation where a person suspects that he violated something although he does not recollect it. Thus, he brings a guilt offering for his suspected violation (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:331-34, 361-63). See also R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:561-62.

[14:18]  ⁸ tn Heb “and the remainder in the oil.”

[16:20]  ⁹ tn Heb “And he shall finish from atoning the holy place.” In this case, the “holy place” etc. are direct objects of the verb “to atone” (cf. v. 33a below). In this case, therefore, the basic meaning of the verb (i.e., “to purge” or “wipe clean”) comes to the forefront. When the prepositions עַל (’al) or בֲּעַד (ba’ad) occur with the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper) the purging is almost always being done “for” or “on behalf of” priests or people (see the note on Lev 1:4 as well as R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:698, the literature cited there, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 110, for more details).

[16:33]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “to atone” (also later in this verse); see the note on “purifying the holy place” in 16:20.

[16:33]  ¹¹ tn Heb “the sanctuary of the holy place.” Although this is the only place this expression occurs in the OT, it clearly refers to the innermost shrine behind the veil-canopy, where the ark of the covenant was located.

[16:33]  ¹² tn Heb “and the tent of meeting and the alter he shall atone.” The repetition of the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper, “to atone”) at the beginning and end of the sequence appears to be strange, but the MT accents suggest that only “the Most Holy Place” goes with the verb at the beginning of the verse. Of course, the purging of “the Most Holy Place” has been the main emphasis of this chapter from the start (see vv. 2-3 and 11-17).

[16:33]  ¹³ tn At this point in the verse the verb כִּפֶּר (kipper, “to make atonement”) takes its object with the preposition עַל (’al, “for”; literally, “upon”; contrast the first part of the verse and cf. the notes on Lev 1:4 and 16:20 above).

[16:34]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “And this shall be for you to a statute of eternity” (cf. v. 29a above). cf. NASB “a permanent statute”; NIV “a lasting ordinance.”

[16:34]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “from”; see note on 4:26.

[16:34]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “one [feminine] in the year.”

[16:34]  ¹⁷ tn The MT of Lev 16:34b reads literally, “and he did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.” This has been retained here in spite of the fact that it suggests that Aaron immediately performed the rituals outlined in Lev 16 (see, e.g., J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 224 and 243; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1059; note that Aaron was the one to whom Moses was to speak the regulations in this chapter, v. 2). The problem is that the chapter presents these procedures as regulations for “the tenth day of the seventh month” and calls for their fulfillment at that time (Lev 16:29; cf. Lev 23:26-32 and the remarks in P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 237), not during the current (first) month (Exod 40:2; note also that they left Sinai in the second month, long before the next seventh month, Num 10:11). The LXX translates, “once in the year it shall be done as the Lord commanded Moses,” attaching “once in the year” to this clause rather than the former one, and rendering the verb as passive, “it shall be done” (cf. NAB, NIV, etc.). We have already observed the passive use of active verbs in this context (see the note on v. 32 above). The RSV (cf. also the NRSV, TEV, CEV, NLT) translates, “And Moses did as the Lord commanded him,” ignoring the fact that the name Moses in the Hebrew text has the direct object indicator. Passive verbs, however, regularly take subjects with direct object indicators (see, e.g., v. 27 above). The NIV renders it “And it was done, as the Lord commanded Moses,” following the LXX passive translation. The NASB translates, “And just as the Lord had commanded Moses, so he did,” transposing the introductory verb to the end of the sentence and supplying “so” in order to make it fit the context.

[22:16]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “iniquity of guilt”; NASB “cause them to bear punishment for guilt.” The Hebrew word עָוֹן (’avon, “iniquity”) can designate either acts of iniquity or the penalty (i.e., punishment) for such acts.

[22:16]  ¹⁹ sn That is, when the lay people eat portions of offerings that should have been eaten only by priests and those who belonged to priestly households.

[23:38]  ²⁰ tn Heb “from to separation.” See BDB 94 s.v. בַּד 1.e for an explanation of this phrase. This phrase is repeated in front of each of the four items in this verse in the Hebrew text, but these have not been translated into English for stylistic reasons. Cf. KJV, NASB “besides”; NRSV “apart from.”

[25:9]  ²¹ sn On the “loud horn blasts” see the note on Lev 23:24, but unlike the language there, the Hebrew term for “horn” (שׁוֹפָר, shofar) actually appears here in this verse (twice).

[25:27]  ²² tn Heb “and he shall calculate its years of sale.”

[25:27]  ²³ tn Heb “and return the excess.”

[27:3]  ²⁴ tn Heb “your conversion value shall be [for] the male.”

[27:3]  ²⁵ tn Heb “from a son of twenty years and until a son of sixty years.”

[27:3]  ²⁶ tn See the note on Lev 5:15.

[27:10]  ²⁷ tn Heb “it and its substitute.” The referent (the original animal offered) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[27:14]  ²⁸ tn The expression “it shall stand” may be a technical term for “it shall be legally valid”; cf. NLT “assessment will be final.”

[27:18]  ²⁹ tn Heb “And if.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have adversative force here.

[27:18]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the silver.”