Yesaya 10:10-11

10:10 I overpowered kingdoms ruled by idols, ¹ 

whose carved images were more impressive than Jerusalem’s ²  or Samaria’s.

10:11 As I have done to Samaria and its idols,

so I will do to Jerusalem and its idols.” ³ 

Yesaya 10:2

10:2 to keep the poor from getting fair treatment,

and to deprive ⁴  the oppressed among my people of justice,

so they can steal what widows own,

and loot what belongs to orphans. ⁵ 

Kisah Para Rasul 17:5-7

17:5 But the Jews became jealous, ⁶  and gathering together some worthless men from the rabble in the marketplace, ⁷  they formed a mob ⁸  and set the city in an uproar. ⁹  They attacked Jason’s house, ¹⁰  trying to find Paul and Silas ¹¹  to bring them out to the assembly. ¹²  17:6 When they did not find them, they dragged ¹³  Jason and some of the brothers before the city officials, ¹⁴  screaming, “These people who have stirred up trouble ¹⁵  throughout the world ¹⁶  have come here too, 17:7 and ¹⁷  Jason has welcomed them as guests! They ¹⁸  are all acting against Caesar’s ¹⁹  decrees, saying there is another king named ²⁰  Jesus!” ²¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 18:10-12

18:10 because I am with you, and no one will assault ²²  you to harm ²³  you, because I have many people in this city.” 18:11 So he stayed there ²⁴  a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. ²⁵ 

Paul Before the Proconsul Gallio

18:12 Now while Gallio ²⁶  was proconsul ²⁷  of Achaia, ²⁸  the Jews attacked Paul together ²⁹  and brought him before the judgment seat, ³⁰ 

[10:10]  ¹ tn Heb “Just as my hand found the kingdoms of the idol[s].” The comparison is expanded in v. 11a (note “as”) and completed in v. 11b (note “so”).

[10:10]  ² map For the location of Jerusalem see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[10:11]  ³ tn The statement is constructed as a rhetorical question in the Hebrew text: “Is it not [true that] just as I have done to Samaria and its idols, so I will do to Jerusalem and its idols?”

[10:11]  sn This statement indicates that the prophecy dates sometime between 722-701 b.c.

[10:2]  ⁴ tn Or “rob” (ASV, NASB, NCV, NRSV); KJV “take away the right from the poor.”

[10:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “so that widows are their plunder, and they can loot orphans.”

[10:2]  sn On the socio-economic background of vv. 1-2, see the note at 1:23.

[17:5]  ⁶ tn Grk “becoming jealous.” The participle ζηλώσαντες (zhlwsante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. So elsewhere in Acts (5:17; 7:9; 13:45).

[17:5]  ⁷ tn Literally ἀγοραῖος (agoraio") refers to the crowd in the marketplace, although BDAG 14-15 s.v. ἀγοραῖος 1 gives the meaning, by extension, as “rabble.” Such a description is certainly appropriate in this context. L&N 15.127 translates the phrase “worthless men from the streets.”

[17:5]  ⁸ tn On this term, which is a NT hapax legomenon, see BDAG 745 s.v. ὀχλοποιέω.

[17:5]  ⁹ tn BDAG 458 s.v. θορυβέω 1 has “set the city in an uproar, start a riot in the city” for the meaning of ἐθορύβουν (eqoruboun) in this verse.

[17:5]  ¹⁰ sn The attack took place at Jason’s house because this was probably the location of the new house church.

[17:5]  ¹¹ tn Grk “them”; the referents (Paul and Silas) have been specified in the translation for clarity.

[17:5]  ¹² tn BDAG 223 s.v. δῆμος 2 has “in a Hellenistic city, a convocation of citizens called together for the purpose of transacting official business, popular assembly προάγειν εἰς τὸν δ. Ac 17:5.”

[17:6]  ¹³ tn See BDAG 977-78 s.v. σύρω on this verb. It was used in everyday speech of dragging in fish by a net, or dragging away someone’s (presumably) dead body (Paul in Acts 14:19).

[17:6]  ¹⁴ tn L&N 37.93 defines πολιτάρχης (politarch") as “a public official responsible for administrative matters within a town or city and a member of the ruling council of such a political unit – ‘city official’” (see also BDAG 845 s.v.).

[17:6]  ¹⁵ tn Or “rebellion.” BDAG 72 s.v. ἀναστατόω has “disturb, trouble, upset,” but in light of the references in the following verse to political insurrection, “stirred up rebellion” would also be appropriate.

[17:6]  ¹⁶ tn Or “the empire.” This was a way of referring to the Roman empire (BDAG 699 s.v. οἰκουμένη 2.b).

[17:6]  sn Throughout the world. Note how some of those present had knowledge of what had happened elsewhere. Word about Paul and his companions and their message was spreading.

[17:7]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “whom.” Because of the awkwardness in English of having two relative clauses follow one another (“who have stirred up trouble…whom Jason has welcomed”) the relative pronoun here (“whom”) has been replaced by the conjunction “and,” creating a clause that is grammatically coordinate but logically subordinate in the translation.

[17:7]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “and they.” Because of the length of the Greek sentence, the conjunction καί (kai) has not been translated here. Instead a new English sentence is begun.

[17:7]  ¹⁹ tn Or “the emperor’s” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

[17:7]  ²⁰ tn The word “named” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied for clarity.

[17:7]  ²¹ sn Acting…saying…Jesus. The charges are serious, involving sedition (Luke 23:2). If the political charges were true, Rome would have to react.

[18:10]  ²² tn BDAG 384 s.v. ἐπιτίθημι 2 has “to set upon, attack, lay a hand on” here, but “assault” is a contemporary English equivalent very close to the meaning of the original.

[18:10]  ²³ tn Or “injure.”

[18:11]  ²⁴ tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[18:11]  ²⁵ tn See BDAG 326-27 s.v. ἐν 1.d. However, it is also possible that ἐν (en) followed by the dative here stands for the ordinary dative (“to them”).

[18:12]  ²⁶ sn Gallio was proconsul of Achaia from a.d. 51-52. This date is one of the firmly established dates in Acts. Lucius Junius Gallio was the son of the rhetorician Seneca and the brother of Seneca the philosopher. The date of Gallio’s rule is established from an inscription (W. Dittenberger, ed., Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum 2.3 no. 8). Thus the event mentioned here is probably to be dated July-October a.d. 51.

[18:12]  ²⁷ sn The proconsul was the Roman official who ruled over a province traditionally under the control of the Roman senate.

[18:12]  ²⁸ sn Achaia was a Roman province created in 146 b.c. that included the most important parts of Greece (Attica, Boeotia, and the Peloponnesus).

[18:12]  ²⁹ tn Grk “with one accord.”

[18:12]  ³⁰ tn Although BDAG 175 s.v. βῆμα 3 gives the meaning “tribunal” for this verse and a number of modern translations use similar terms (“court,” NIV; “tribunal,” NRSV), there is no need for an alternative translation here since the bema was a standard feature in Greco-Roman cities of the time.

[18:12]  sn The judgment seat (βῆμα, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and sometimes furnished with a seat, used by officials in addressing an assembly or making pronouncements, often on judicial matters. The judgment seat was a familiar item in Greco-Roman culture, often located in the agora, the public square or marketplace in the center of a city. So this was a very public event.