Yesaya 12:3

12:3 Joyfully you will draw water

from the springs of deliverance. ¹ 

Yesaya 30:25

30:25 On every high mountain

and every high hill

there will be streams flowing with water,

at the time of ²  great slaughter when the fortified towers collapse.

Yesaya 32:2

32:2 Each of them ³  will be like a shelter from the wind

and a refuge from a rainstorm;

like streams of water in a dry region

and like the shade of a large cliff in a parched land.

Yesaya 35:6-7

35:6 Then the lame will leap like a deer,

the mute tongue will shout for joy;

for water will flow ⁴  in the desert,

streams in the wilderness. ⁵ 

35:7 The dry soil will become a pool of water,

the parched ground springs of water.

Where jackals once lived and sprawled out,

grass, reeds, and papyrus will grow.

Yesaya 43:19-20

43:19 “Look, I am about to do something new.

Now it begins to happen! ⁶  Do you not recognize ⁷  it?

Yes, I will make a road in the desert

and paths ⁸  in the wilderness.

43:20 The wild animals of the desert honor me,

the jackals and ostriches,

because I put water in the desert

and streams in the wilderness,

to quench the thirst of my chosen people,

Yesaya 44:3

44:3 For I will pour water on the parched ground ⁹ 

and cause streams to flow ¹⁰  on the dry land.

I will pour my spirit on your offspring

and my blessing on your children.

Yesaya 48:21

48:21 They do not thirst as he leads them through dry regions;

he makes water flow out of a rock for them;

he splits open a rock and water flows out.’ ¹¹ 

Yesaya 49:9-10

49:9 You will say ¹²  to the prisoners, ‘Come out,’

and to those who are in dark dungeons, ¹³  ‘Emerge.’ ¹⁴ 

They will graze beside the roads;

on all the slopes they will find pasture.

49:10 They will not be hungry or thirsty;

the sun’s oppressive heat will not beat down on them, ¹⁵ 

for one who has compassion on them will guide them;

he will lead them to springs of water.

Yesaya 58:11

58:11 The Lord will continually lead you;

he will feed you even in parched regions. ¹⁶ 

He will give you renewed strength, ¹⁷ 

and you will be like a well-watered garden,

like a spring that continually produces water.

Mazmur 46:4

46:4 The river’s channels bring joy to the city of God, ¹⁸ 

the special, holy dwelling place of ¹⁹  the sovereign One. ²⁰ 

Mazmur 78:15-16

78:15 He broke open rocks in the wilderness,

and gave them enough water to fill the depths of the sea. ²¹ 

78:16 He caused streams to flow from the rock,

and made the water flow like rivers.

Mazmur 105:41

105:41 He opened up a rock and water flowed out;

a river ran through dry regions.

Mazmur 107:35

107:35 As for his people, ²²  he turned ²³  a desert into a pool of water,

and a dry land into springs of water.

Yehezkiel 47:1-8

Water from the Temple

47:1 Then he brought me back to the entrance of the temple. I noticed ²⁴  that water was flowing from under the threshold of the temple toward the east (for the temple faced east). The water was flowing down from under the right side of the temple, from south of the altar. 47:2 He led me out by way of the north gate and brought me around the outside of the outer gate that faces toward the east; I noticed ²⁵  that the water was trickling out from the south side.

47:3 When the man went out toward the east with a measuring line in his hand, he measured 1,750 feet, ²⁶  and then he led me through water, which was ankle deep. 47:4 Again he measured 1,750 feet and led me through the water, which was now knee deep. Once more he measured 1,750 feet and led me through the water, which was waist deep. 47:5 Again he measured 1,750 feet and it was a river I could not cross, for the water had risen; it was deep enough to swim in, a river that could not be crossed. 47:6 He said to me, “Son of man, have you seen this?”

Then he led me back to the bank of the river. 47:7 When I had returned, I noticed ²⁷  a vast number of trees on the banks of the river, on both sides. 47:8 He said to me, “These waters go out toward the eastern region and flow down into the Arabah; when they enter the Dead Sea, ²⁸  where the sea is stagnant, ²⁹  the waters become fresh. ³⁰ 

Yoel 3:18

3:18 On that day ³¹  the mountains will drip with sweet wine, ³² 

and the hills will flow with milk. ³³ 

All the dry stream beds ³⁴  of Judah will flow with water.

A spring will flow out from the temple ³⁵  of the Lord,

watering the Valley of Acacia Trees. ³⁶ 

Zakharia 14:8

14:8 Moreover, on that day living waters will flow out from Jerusalem, ³⁷  half of them to the eastern sea ³⁸  and half of them to the western sea; ³⁹  it will happen both in summer and in winter.

Wahyu 7:17

7:17 because the Lamb in the middle of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to springs of living water, and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.” ⁴⁰ 

Wahyu 22:1

22:1 Then ⁴¹  the angel ⁴²  showed me the river of the water of life – water as clear as crystal – pouring out ⁴³  from the throne of God and of the Lamb,

[12:3]  ¹ tn Or “salvation” (so many English versions, e.g., KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); CEV “victory.”

[12:3]  sn Water is here a metaphor for renewed life; the springs symbolize the restoration of God’s favor.

[30:25]  ² tn Or “in the day of” (KJV).

[32:2]  ³ tn Heb “a man,” but אִישׁ (’ish) probably refers here to “each” of the officials mentioned in the previous verse.

[35:6]  ⁴ tn Heb “burst forth” (so NAB); KJV “break out.”

[35:6]  ⁵ tn Or “Arabah” (NASB); KJV, NIV, NRSV, NLT “desert.”

[43:19]  ⁶ tn Heb “sprouts up”; NASB “will spring forth.”

[43:19]  ⁷ tn Or “know” (KJV, ASV); NASB “be aware of”; NAB, NIV, NRSV “perceive.”

[43:19]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew texts has “streams,” probably under the influence of v. 20. The Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a has נתיבות (“paths”).

[44:3]  ⁹ tn Heb “the thirsty.” Parallelism suggests that dry ground is in view (see “dry land” in the next line.)

[44:3]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and streams”; KJV “floods.” The verb “cause…to flow” is supplied in the second line for clarity and for stylistic reasons.

[48:21]  ¹¹ sn The translation above (present tense) assumes that this verse describes God’s provision for returning Babylonian exiles (see v. 20; 35:6; 49:10) in terms reminiscent of the Exodus from Egypt (see Exod 17:6).

[49:9]  ¹² tn Heb “to say.” In the Hebrew text the infinitive construct is subordinated to what precedes.

[49:9]  ¹³ tn Heb “in darkness” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NLT “the prisoners of darkness.”

[49:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “show yourselves” (so ASV, NAB, NASB).

[49:10]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and the heat and the sun will not strike them.” In Isa 35:7, its only other occurrence in the OT, שָׁרָב (sharav) stands parallel to “parched ground” and in contrast to “pool.” In later Hebrew and Aramaic it refers to “dry heat, heat of the sun” (Jastrow 1627 s.v.). Here it likely has this nuance and forms a hendiadys with “sun.”

[58:11]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “he will satisfy in parched regions your appetite.”

[58:11]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and your bones he will strengthen.”

[46:4]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “A river, its channels cause the city of God to be glad.”

[46:4]  sn The city of God is Jerusalem (see Pss 48:1-2; 87:2-3). The river’s “channels” are probably irrigation ditches vital to growing crops. Some relate the imagery to the “waters of Shiloah” (see Isa 8:6), which flowed from the Gihon spring to the pool of Siloam. In Isa 8:6-8 these waters are contrasted with the flood waters symbolizing Assyria. Even if this is the reality behind the imagery, the picture of a river flowing through Jerusalem is idealized and exaggerated. The river and irrigation ditches symbolize the peace and prosperity that the Lord provides for Jerusalem, in contrast to the havoc produced by the turbulent waters (symbolic of the nations) outside the city. Some see here an adaptation of Canaanite (or, more specifically, Jebusite) mythical traditions of rivers/springs flowing from the high god El’s dwelling place. The Songs of Zion do utilize such imagery at times (see Ps 48:2). The image of a river flowing through Zion may have inspired prophetic visions of an eschatological river flowing from the temple (see Ezek 47:1-12; Joel 3:18).

[46:4]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “the holy [place] of the dwelling places of.” The adjective “holy” is used here in a substantival manner and placed in construct with the following noun (see GKC 428 §132.c). Origen’s transliterated text assumes the reading קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh, “holiness; holy place”), while the LXX assumes a Piel verbal form קִדֵּשׁ (qidesh, “makes holy”) and takes the following form as “his dwelling place.” The plural form מִשְׁכְּנֵי (mishkÿney, “dwelling places of”) is probably a plural of degree, emphasizing the special character of this dwelling place. See GKC 397 §124.b. The form stands as an appositional genitive in relation to the preceding construct noun.

[46:4]  ²⁰ tn Heb “Most High.” This divine title (עֶלְיוֹן, ’elyon) pictures God as the exalted ruler of the universe who vindicates the innocent and judges the wicked. See especially Pss 7:17; 9:2; 18:13; 21:7; 47:2.

[78:15]  ²¹ tn Heb “and caused them to drink, like the depths, abundantly.”

[107:35]  ²² tn The words “As for his people” are not included in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity. The psalmist contrasts God’s judgment on his enemies with his blessing of his people. See the note on the word “enemies” in v. 39 for further discussion.

[107:35]  ²³ tn The verbal form appears to be a preterite, which is most naturally taken as narrational. See the note on the word “turned” in v. 33.

[47:1]  ²⁴ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

[47:2]  ²⁵ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

[47:3]  ²⁶ tn Heb “one thousand cubits” (i.e., 525 meters); this phrase occurs three times in the next two verses.

[47:7]  ²⁷ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

[47:8]  ²⁸ tn Heb “the sea,” referring to the Dead Sea. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[47:8]  ²⁹ tn Heb “to the sea, those which are brought out.” The reading makes no sense. The text is best emended to read “filthy” (i.e., stagnant). See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:273.

[47:8]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the waters become healed.”

[3:18]  ³¹ tn Heb “and it will come about in that day.”

[3:18]  ³² tn Many English translations read “new wine” or “sweet wine,” meaning unfermented wine, i.e., grape juice.

[3:18]  ³³ sn The language used here is a hyperbolic way of describing both a bountiful grape harvest (“the mountains will drip with juice”) and an abundance of cattle (“the hills will flow with milk”). In addition to being hyperbolic, the language is also metonymical (effect for cause).

[3:18]  ³⁴ tn Or “seasonal streams.”

[3:18]  ³⁵ tn Heb “house.”

[3:18]  ³⁶ tn Heb “valley of Shittim.” The exact location of the Valley of Acacia Trees is uncertain. The Hebrew word שִׁטִּים (shittim) refers to a place where the acacia trees grow, which would be a very arid and dry place. The acacia tree can survive in such locations, whereas most other trees require more advantageous conditions. Joel’s point is that the stream that has been mentioned will proceed to the most dry and barren of locations in the vicinity of Jerusalem.

[14:8]  ³⁷ sn Living waters will flow out from Jerusalem. Ezekiel sees this same phenomenon in conjunction with the inauguration of the messianic age (Ezek 47; cf. Rev 22:1-5; also John 7:38).

[14:8]  ³⁸ sn The eastern sea is a reference to the Dead Sea (cf. NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).

[14:8]  ³⁹ sn The western sea is a reference to the Mediterranean Sea (cf. NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).

[7:17]  ⁴⁰ sn An allusion to Isa 25:8.

[22:1]  ⁴¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[22:1]  ⁴² tn Grk “he”; the referent (the angel mentioned in 21:9, 15) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:1]  ⁴³ tn Grk “proceeding.” Water is more naturally thought to pour out or flow out in English idiom.