Yeremia 18:16

18:16 So their land will become an object of horror. ¹ 

People will forever hiss out their scorn over it.

All who pass that way will be filled with horror

and will shake their heads in derision. ² 

Yeremia 19:8

19:8 I will make this city an object of horror, a thing to be hissed at. All who pass by it will be filled with horror and will hiss out their scorn ³  because of all the disasters that have happened to it. ⁴ 

Yeremia 29:18

29:18 I will chase after them with war, ⁵  starvation, and disease. I will make all the kingdoms of the earth horrified at what happens to them. I will make them examples of those who are cursed, objects of horror, hissing scorn, and ridicule among all the nations where I exile them.

Yeremia 29:2

29:2 He sent it after King Jeconiah, the queen mother, the palace officials, ⁶  the leaders of Judah and Jerusalem, the craftsmen, and the metal workers had been exiled from Jerusalem. ⁷ 

Yeremia 29:8

29:8 “For the Lord God of Israel who rules over all ⁸  says, ‘Do not let the prophets or those among you who claim to be able to predict the future by divination ⁹  deceive you. And do not pay any attention to the dreams that you are encouraging them to dream.

Ratapan 2:15-16

ס (Samek)

2:15 All who passed by on the road

clapped their hands to mock you. ¹⁰ 

They sneered and shook their heads

at Daughter Jerusalem.

“Ha! Is this the city they called ¹¹ 

‘The perfection of beauty, ¹² 

the source of joy of the whole earth!’?” ¹³ 

פ (Pe)

2:16 All your enemies

gloated over you. ¹⁴ 

They sneered and gnashed their teeth;

they said, “We have destroyed ¹⁵  her!

Ha! We have waited a long time for this day.

We have lived to see it!” ¹⁶ 

Mikha 6:16

6:16 You implement the regulations of Omri,

and all the practices of Ahab’s dynasty; ¹⁷ 

you follow their policies. ¹⁸ 

Therefore I will make you an appalling sight, ¹⁹ 

the city’s ²⁰  inhabitants will be taunted derisively, ²¹ 

and nations will mock all of you.” ²² 

Zefanya 2:15

2:15 This is how the once-proud city will end up ²³  –

the city that was so secure. ²⁴ 

She thought to herself, ²⁵  “I am unique! No one can compare to me!” ²⁶ 

What a heap of ruins she has become, a place where wild animals live!

Everyone who passes by her taunts her ²⁷  and shakes his fist. ²⁸ 

[18:16]  ¹ tn There may be a deliberate double meaning involved here. The word translated here “an object of horror” refers both to destruction (cf. 2:15; 4:17) and the horror or dismay that accompanies it (cf. 5:30; 8:21). The fact that there is no conjunction or preposition in front of the noun “hissing” that follows this suggests that the reaction is in view here, not the cause.

[18:16]  ² tn Heb “an object of lasting hissing. All who pass that way will be appalled and shake their head.”

[18:16]  sn The actions of “shaking of the head” and “hissing” were obviously gestures of scorn and derision. See Lam 2:15-16.

[19:8]  ³ sn See 18:16 and the study note there.

[19:8]  ⁴ tn Heb “all its smitings.” This word has been used several times for the metaphorical “wounds” that Israel has suffered as a result of the blows from its enemies. See, e.g., 14:17. It is used in the Hebrew Bible of scourging, both literally and metaphorically (cf. Deut 25:3; Isa 10:26), and of slaughter and defeat (1 Sam 4:10; Josh 10:20). Here it refers to the results of the crushing blows at the hands of her enemies which has made her the object of scorn.

[29:18]  ⁵ tn Heb “with the sword.”

[29:2]  ⁶ tn This term is often mistakenly understood to refer to a “eunuch.” It is clear, however, in Gen 39:1 that “eunuchs” could be married. On the other hand it is clear from Isa 59:3-5 that some who bore this title could not have children. In this period, it is possible that the persons who bore this title were high officials like the rab saris who was a high official in the Babylonian court (cf. Jer 39:3, 13; 52:25). For further references see HALOT 727 s.v. סָרִיס 1.c.

[29:2]  ⁷ sn See 2 Kgs 24:14-16 and compare the study note on Jer 24:1.

[29:8]  ⁸ tn Heb “Yahweh of armies, the God of Israel.”

[29:8]  sn See study notes on 2:19 and 7:3 for the explanation of this title.

[29:8]  ⁹ sn See the study notes on 27:9 for this term.

[2:15]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “clap their hands at you.” Clapping hands at someone was an expression of malicious glee, derision and mockery (Num 24:10; Job 27:23; Lam 2:15).

[2:15]  ¹¹ tn Heb “of which they said.”

[2:15]  ¹² tn Heb “perfection of beauty.” The noun יֹפִי (yofi, “beauty”) functions as a genitive of respect in relation to the preceding construct noun: Jerusalem was perfect in respect to its physical beauty.

[2:15]  ¹³ tn Heb “the joy of all the earth.” This is similar to statements found in Pss 48:2 and 50:2.

[2:16]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “they have opened wide their mouth against you.”

[2:16]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “We have swallowed!”

[2:16]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “We have attained, we have seen!” The verbs מָצָאנוּ רָאִינוּ (matsa’nu ra’inu) form a verbal hendiadys in which the first retains its full verbal sense and the second functions as an object complement. It forms a Hebrew idiom that means something like, “We have lived to see it!” The three asyndetic 1st person common plural statements in 2:16 (“We waited, we destroyed, we saw!”) are spoken in an impassioned, staccato style reflecting the delight of the conquerors.

[6:16]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the edicts of Omri are kept, and all the deeds of the house of Ahab.”

[6:16]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and you walk in their plans.”

[6:16]  sn The Omride dynasty, of which Ahab was the most infamous king, had a reputation for implementing unjust and oppressive measures. See 1 Kgs 21.

[6:16]  ¹⁹ tn The Hebrew term שַׁמָּה (shammah) can refer to “destruction; ruin,” or to the reaction it produces in those who witness the destruction.

[6:16]  ²⁰ tn Heb “her”; the referent (the city) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:16]  ²¹ tn Heb “[an object] of hissing,” which was a way of taunting someone.

[6:16]  ²² tc The translation assumes an emendation of the MT’s עַמִּי (’ammi, “my people”) to עַמִּים (’ammim, “nations”).

[6:16]  tn Heb “and the reproach of my people you will bear.” The second person verb is plural here, in contrast to the singular forms used in vv. 13-15.

[2:15]  ²³ tn Heb “this is the proud city.”

[2:15]  ²⁴ tn Heb “the one that lived securely.”

[2:15]  ²⁵ tn Heb “the one who says in her heart.”

[2:15]  ²⁶ tn Heb “I [am], and besides me there is no other.”

[2:15]  ²⁷ tn Heb “hisses”; or “whistles.”

[2:15]  ²⁸ sn Hissing (or whistling) and shaking the fist were apparently ways of taunting a defeated foe or an object of derision in the culture of the time.