Yeremia 21:14

21:14 But I will punish you as your deeds deserve,’

says the Lord. ¹ 

‘I will set fire to your palace;

it will burn up everything around it.’” ² 

Yeremia 49:27

49:27 “I will set fire to the walls of Damascus;

it will burn up the palaces of Ben Hadad.” ³ 

Ulangan 32:22

32:22 For a fire has been kindled by my anger,

and it burns to lowest Sheol; ⁴ 

it consumes the earth and its produce,

and ignites the foundations of the mountains.

Amos 1:4

1:4 So I will set Hazael’s house ⁵  on fire;

fire ⁶  will consume Ben Hadad’s ⁷  fortresses.

Amos 1:7

1:7 So I will set Gaza’s city wall ⁸  on fire;

fire ⁹  will consume her fortresses.

Amos 1:10

1:10 So I will set fire to Tyre’s city wall; ¹⁰ 

fire ¹¹  will consume her fortresses.”

Amos 1:12

1:12 So I will set Teman ¹²  on fire;

fire ¹³  will consume Bozrah’s ¹⁴  fortresses.”

Amos 1:14

1:14 So I will set fire to Rabbah’s ¹⁵  city wall; ¹⁶ 

fire ¹⁷  will consume her fortresses.

War cries will be heard on the day of battle; ¹⁸ 

a strong gale will blow on the day of the windstorm. ¹⁹ 

Amos 2:2

2:2 So I will set Moab on fire, ²⁰ 

and it will consume Kerioth’s ²¹  fortresses.

Moab will perish ²²  in the heat of battle ²³ 

amid war cries and the blaring ²⁴  of the ram’s horn. ²⁵ 

Amos 2:5

2:5 So I will set Judah on fire,

and it will consume Jerusalem’s fortresses.” ²⁶ 

[21:14]  ¹ tn Heb “oracle of the Lord.”

[21:14]  ² tn Heb “I will set fire in its forest and it will devour its surroundings.” The pronouns are actually third feminine singular going back to the participle “you who sit enthroned above the valley.” However, this is another example of those rapid shifts in pronouns typical of the biblical Hebrew style which are uncommon in English. They have regularly been leveled to the same person throughout in the translation to avoid possible confusion for the English reader.

[49:27]  ³ sn Ben-Hadad was a common name borne by a number of the kings of Damascus, e.g., one during the time of Asa around 900 b.c. (cf. 1 Kgs 15:18-20), one a little later during the time of Omri and Ahab around 850 (1 Kgs 20), and one during the time of Jehoash about 800 (2 Kgs 13:24-25).

[32:22]  ⁴ tn Or “to the lowest depths of the earth”; cf. NAB “to the depths of the nether world”; NIV “to the realm of death below”; NLT “to the depths of the grave.”

[32:22]  sn Sheol refers here not to hell and hell-fire – a much later concept – but to the innermost parts of the earth, as low down as one could get. The parallel with “the foundations of the mountains” makes this clear (cf. Pss 9:17; 16:10; 139:8; Isa 14:9, 15; Amos 9:2).

[1:4]  ⁵ tn “Hazael’s house” (“the house of Hazael”) refers to the dynasty of Hazael.

[1:4]  sn Hazael took the throne of Aram in 843 b.c. and established a royal dynasty. See 2 Kgs 8:7-15 and W. Pitard, Ancient Damascus, 145-60.

[1:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:4]  ⁷ sn Ben-hadad may refer to Hazael’s son and successor (2 Kgs 13:3, 24) or to an earlier king (see 1 Kgs 20), perhaps the ruler whom Hazael assassinated when he assumed power.

[1:7]  ⁸ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:7]  ⁹ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:10]  ¹⁰ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:10]  ¹¹ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ¹² sn Teman was an important region (or perhaps city) in Edom.

[1:12]  ¹³ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ¹⁴ sn Bozrah was a city located in northern Edom.

[1:14]  ¹⁵ sn Rabbah was the Ammonite capital.

[1:14]  ¹⁶ sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.

[1:14]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:14]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “with a war cry in the day of battle.”

[1:14]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “with wind in the day of the windstorm.”

[1:14]  sn A windstorm is a metaphor for judgment and destruction in the OT (see Isa 29:6; Jer 23:19) and ancient Near Eastern literature.

[2:2]  ²⁰ sn The destruction of Moab by fire is an example of a judgment in kind – as the Moabites committed the crime of “burning,” so the Lord will punish them by setting them on fire.

[2:2]  ²¹ sn Kerioth was an important Moabite city. See Jer 48:24, 41.

[2:2]  ²² tn Or “die” (KJV, NASB, NRSV, TEV); NAB “shall meet death.”

[2:2]  ²³ tn Or “in the tumult.” This word refers to the harsh confusion of sounds that characterized an ancient battle – a mixture of war cries, shouts, shrieks of pain, clashes of weapons, etc.

[2:2]  ²⁴ tn Heb “sound” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV).

[2:2]  ²⁵ sn The ram’s horn (used as a trumpet) was blown to signal the approaching battle.

[2:5]  ²⁶ map For the location of Jerusalem see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.