Ayub 9:33

9:33 Nor is there an arbiter ¹  between us,

who ²  might lay ³  his hand on us both, ⁴ 

Kisah Para Rasul 12:20

12:20 Now Herod ⁵  was having an angry quarrel ⁶  with the people of Tyre ⁷  and Sidon. ⁸  So they joined together ⁹  and presented themselves before him. And after convincing ¹⁰  Blastus, the king’s personal assistant, ¹¹  to help them, ¹²  they asked for peace, ¹³  because their country’s food supply was provided by the king’s country.

Kisah Para Rasul 12:1

James is Killed and Peter Imprisoned

12:1 About that time King Herod ¹⁴  laid hands on ¹⁵  some from the church to harm them. ¹⁶ 

Titus 2:5

2:5 to be self-controlled, ¹⁷  pure, fulfilling their duties at home, ¹⁸  kind, being subject to their own husbands, so that the message ¹⁹  of God may not be discredited. ²⁰ 

[9:33]  ¹ tn The participle מוֹכִיחַ (mokhiakh) is the “arbiter” or “mediator.” The word comes from the verb יָכַח (yakhakh, “decide, judge”), which is concerned with legal and nonlegal disputes. The verbal forms can be used to describe the beginning of a dispute, the disputation in progress, or the settling of it (here, and in Isa 1:18).

[9:33]  sn The old translation of “daysman” came from a Latin expression describing the fixing of a day for arbitration.

[9:33]  ² tn The relative pronoun is understood in this clause.

[9:33]  ³ tn The jussive in conditional sentences retains its voluntative sense: let something be so, and this must happen as a consequence (see GKC 323 §109.i).

[9:33]  ⁴ sn The idiom of “lay his hand on the two of us” may come from a custom of a judge putting his hands on the two in order to show that he is taking them both under his jurisdiction. The expression can also be used for protection (see Ps 139:5). Job, however, has a problem in that the other party is God, who himself will be arbiter in judgment.

[12:20]  ⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Herod) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[12:20]  sn Herod was Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod I (Herod the Great).

[12:20]  ⁶ tn Or “was extremely angry.” L&N 33.453 gives the meaning “be angry and quarrel, quarrel angrily” here. However, in L&N 88.180 the alternative “to be violently angry, to be furious” is given. The term is used only once in the NT (BDAG 461 s.v. θυμομαχέω).

[12:20]  ⁷ sn Tyre was a city and seaport on the coast of Phoenicia.

[12:20]  map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.

[12:20]  ⁸ sn Sidon was an ancient Phoenician royal city on the coast between Berytus (Beirut) and Tyre (BDAG 923 s.v. Σιδών).

[12:20]  map For location see Map1 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.

[12:20]  ⁹ tn Or “with one accord.”

[12:20]  ¹⁰ tn Or “persuading.”

[12:20]  ¹¹ tn On the term translated “personal assistant” BDAG 554 s.v. κοιτῶν states, “used as part of a title: ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ κοιτῶνος the one in charge of the bed-chamber, the chamberlain.” This individual was not just a domestic servant or butler, but a highly respected person who had considerable responsibility for the king’s living quarters and personal affairs. The English word “chamberlain” corresponds very closely to this meaning but is not in common use today. The term “personal assistant,” while it might convey more business associations than management of personal affairs, nevertheless communicates the concept well in contemporary English.

[12:20]  ¹² tn The words “to help them” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.

[12:20]  ¹³ tn Or “for a reconciliation.” There were grave political risks in having Herod angry at them. The detail shows the ruler’s power.

[12:1]  ¹⁴ sn King Herod was Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod I (Herod the Great). His mediocre career is summarized in Josephus, Ant. 18-19. This event took place in a.d. 42 or 43.

[12:1]  ¹⁵ tn Or “King Herod had some from the church arrested.”

[12:1]  ¹⁶ tn Or “to cause them injury.”

[2:5]  ¹⁷ tn Or “sensible.”

[2:5]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “domestic,” “keeping house.”

[2:5]  ¹⁹ tn Or “word.”

[2:5]  ²⁰ tn Or “slandered.”