Kejadian 19:8-9

19:8 Look, I have two daughters who have never had sexual relations with ¹  a man. Let me bring them out to you, and you can do to them whatever you please. ²  Only don’t do anything to these men, for they have come under the protection ³  of my roof.” ⁴ 

19:9 “Out of our way!” ⁵  they cried, and “This man came to live here as a foreigner, ⁶  and now he dares to judge us! ⁷  We’ll do more harm ⁸  to you than to them!” They kept ⁹  pressing in on Lot until they were close enough ¹⁰  to break down the door.

Kejadian 21:23

21:23 Now swear to me right here in God’s name ¹¹  that you will not deceive me, my children, or my descendants. ¹²  Show me, and the land ¹³  where you are staying, ¹⁴  the same loyalty ¹⁵  that I have shown you.” ¹⁶ 

Kejadian 30:31

30:31 So Laban asked, ¹⁷  “What should I give you?” “You don’t need to give me a thing,” ¹⁸  Jacob replied, ¹⁹  “but if you agree to this one condition, ²⁰  I will continue to care for ²¹  your flocks and protect them:

[19:8]  ¹ tn Heb “who have not known.” Here this expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse.

[19:8]  ² tn Heb “according to what is good in your eyes.”

[19:8]  ³ tn Heb “shadow.”

[19:8]  ⁴ sn This chapter portrays Lot as a hypocrite. He is well aware of the way the men live in his city and is apparently comfortable in the midst of it. But when confronted by the angels, he finally draws the line. But he is nevertheless willing to sacrifice his daughters’ virginity to protect his guests. His opposition to the crowds leads to his rejection as a foreigner by those with whom he had chosen to live. The one who attempted to rescue his visitors ends up having to be rescued by them.

[19:9]  ⁵ tn Heb “approach out there” which could be rendered “Get out of the way, stand back!”

[19:9]  ⁶ tn Heb “to live as a resident alien.”

[19:9]  ⁷ tn Heb “and he has judged, judging.” The infinitive absolute follows the finite verbal form for emphasis. This emphasis is reflected in the translation by the phrase “dares to judge.”

[19:9]  ⁸ tn The verb “to do wickedly” is repeated here (see v. 7). It appears that whatever “wickedness” the men of Sodom had intended to do to Lot’s visitors – probably nothing short of homosexual rape – they were now ready to inflict on Lot.

[19:9]  ⁹ tn Heb “and they pressed against the man, against Lot, exceedingly.”

[19:9]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and they drew near.”

[21:23]  ¹¹ tn Heb “And now swear to me by God here.”

[21:23]  ¹² tn Heb “my offspring and my descendants.”

[21:23]  ¹³ tn The word “land” refers by metonymy to the people in the land.

[21:23]  ¹⁴ tn The Hebrew verb means “to stay, to live, to sojourn” as a temporary resident without ownership rights.

[21:23]  ¹⁵ tn Or “kindness.”

[21:23]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “According to the loyalty which I have done with you, do with me and with the land in which you are staying.”

[30:31]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and he said.” The referent (Laban) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[30:31]  ¹⁸ tn The negated imperfect verbal form has an obligatory nuance.

[30:31]  ¹⁹ tn The order of the introductory clause and the direct discourse has been rearranged in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[30:31]  ²⁰ tn Heb “If you do for me this thing.”

[30:31]  ²¹ tn Heb “I will return, I will tend,” an idiom meaning “I will continue tending.”