Kejadian 2:3

2:3 God blessed the seventh day and made it holy ¹  because on it he ceased all the work that he ²  had been doing in creation. ³ 

Keluaran 34:21

34:21 “On six days ⁴  you may labor, but on the seventh day you must rest; ⁵  even at the time of plowing and of harvest ⁶  you are to rest. ⁷ 

Ulangan 5:13-14

5:13 You are to work and do all your tasks in six days, 5:14 but the seventh day is the Sabbath ⁸  of the Lord your God. On that day you must not do any work, you, your son, your daughter, your male slave, your female slave, your ox, your donkey, any other animal, or the foreigner who lives with you, ⁹  so that your male and female slaves, like yourself, may have rest.

[2:3]  ¹ tn The verb is usually translated “and sanctified it.” The Piel verb קִדֵּשׁ (qiddesh) means “to make something holy; to set something apart; to distinguish it.” On the literal level the phrase means essentially that God made this day different. But within the context of the Law, it means that the day belonged to God; it was for rest from ordinary labor, worship, and spiritual service. The day belonged to God.

[2:3]  ² tn Heb “God.” The pronoun (“he”) has been employed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[2:3]  ³ tn Heb “for on it he ceased from all his work which God created to make.” The last infinitive construct and the verb before it form a verbal hendiadys, the infinitive becoming the modifier – “which God creatively made,” or “which God made in his creating.”

[34:21]  ⁴ tn This is an adverbial accusative of time.

[34:21]  ⁵ tn Or “cease” (i.e., from the labors).

[34:21]  ⁶ sn See M. Dahood, “Vocative lamed in Exodus 2,4 and Merismus in 34,21,” Bib 62 (1981): 413-15.

[34:21]  ⁷ tn The imperfect tense expresses injunction or instruction.

[5:14]  ⁸ tn There is some degree of paronomasia (wordplay) here: “the seventh (הַשְּׁבִיעִי, hashÿvi’i) day is the Sabbath (שַׁבָּת, shabbat).” Otherwise, the words have nothing in common, since “Sabbath” is derived from the verb שָׁבַת (shavat, “to cease”).

[5:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “in your gates”; NRSV, CEV “in your towns”; TEV “in your country.”