Kejadian 35:5

35:5 and they started on their journey. ¹  The surrounding cities were afraid of God, ²  and they did not pursue the sons of Jacob.

Keluaran 14:24

14:24 In the morning watch ³  the Lord looked down ⁴  on the Egyptian army ⁵  through the pillar of fire and cloud, and he threw the Egyptian army ⁶  into a panic. ⁷ 

Keluaran 19:16

19:16 On ⁸  the third day in the morning there was thunder and lightning and a dense ⁹  cloud on the mountain, and the sound of a very loud ¹⁰  horn; ¹¹  all the people who were in the camp trembled.

Keluaran 19:2

19:2 After they journeyed ¹²  from Rephidim, they came to the Desert of Sinai, and they camped in the desert; Israel camped there in front of the mountain. ¹³ 

1 Raja-raja 7:5-7

7:5 All of the entrances ¹⁴  were rectangular in shape ¹⁵  and they were arranged in sets of three. ¹⁶  7:6 He made a colonnade ¹⁷  75 feet ¹⁸  long and 45 feet ¹⁹  wide. There was a porch in front of this and pillars and a roof in front of the porch. ²⁰  7:7 He also made a throne room, called “The Hall of Judgment,” where he made judicial decisions. ²¹  It was paneled with cedar from the floor to the rafters. ²² 

[35:5]  ¹ tn Heb “and they journeyed.”

[35:5]  ² tn Heb “and the fear of God was upon the cities which were round about them.” The expression “fear of God” apparently refers (1) to a fear of God (objective genitive; God is the object of their fear). (2) But it could mean “fear from God,” that is, fear which God placed in them (cf. NRSV “a terror from God”). Another option (3) is that the divine name is used as a superlative here, referring to “tremendous fear” (cf. NEB “were panic-stricken”; NASB “a great terror”).

[14:24]  ³ tn The night was divided into three watches of about four hours each, making the morning watch about 2:00-6:00 a.m. The text has this as “the watch of the morning,” the genitive qualifying which of the night watches was meant.

[14:24]  ⁴ tn This particular verb, שָׁקַף (shaqaf) is a bold anthropomorphism: Yahweh looked down. But its usage is always with some demonstration of mercy or wrath. S. R. Driver (Exodus, 120) suggests that the look might be with fiery flashes to startle the Egyptians, throwing them into a panic. Ps 77:17-19 pictures torrents of rain with lightning and thunder.

[14:24]  ⁵ tn Heb “camp.” The same Hebrew word is used in Exod 14:20. Unlike the English word “camp,” it can be used of a body of people at rest (encamped) or on the move.

[14:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “camp.”

[14:24]  ⁷ tn The verb הָמַם (hamam) means “throw into confusion.” It is used in the Bible for the panic and disarray of an army before a superior force (Josh 10:10; Judg 4:15).

[19:16]  ⁸ tn Heb “and it was on.”

[19:16]  ⁹ tn Heb “heavy” (כָּבֵד, kaved).

[19:16]  ¹⁰ tn Literally “strong” (חָזָק, khazaq).

[19:16]  ¹¹ tn The word here is שֹׁפָר (shofar), the normal word for “horn.” This word is used especially to announce something important in a public event (see 1 Kgs 1:34; 2 Sam 6:15). The previous word used in the context (v. 16) was יֹבֵל (yovel, “ram’s horn”).

[19:2]  ¹² tn The form is a preterite with vav (ו) consecutive, “and they journeyed.” It is here subordinated to the next clause as a temporal clause. But since the action of this temporal clause preceded the actions recorded in v. 1, a translation of “after” will keep the sequence in order. Verse 2 adds details to the summary in v. 1.

[19:2]  ¹³ sn The mountain is Mount Sinai, the mountain of God, the place where God had met and called Moses and had promised that they would be here to worship him. If this mountain is Jebel Musa, the traditional site of Sinai, then the plain in front of it would be Er-Rahah, about a mile and a half long by half a mile wide, fronting the mountain on the NW side (S. R. Driver, Exodus, 169). The plain itself is about 5000 feet above sea level. A mountain on the west side of the Arabian Peninsula has also been suggested as a possible site.

[7:5]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “all of the doors and doorposts.”

[7:5]  ¹⁵ sn Rectangular in shape. That is, rather than arched.

[7:5]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and all the entrances and the doorposts [had] four frames, and in front of opening to opening three times” (the precise meaning of the description is uncertain).

[7:6]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “a porch of pillars.”

[7:6]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “fifty cubits.”

[7:6]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “thirty cubits.”

[7:6]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and a porch was in front of them (i.e., the aforementioned pillars) and pillars and a roof in front of them (i.e., the aforementioned pillars and porch).” The precise meaning of the term translated “roof” is uncertain; it occurs only here and in Ezek 41:25-26.

[7:7]  ²¹ tn Heb “and a porch for the throne, where he was making judicial decisions, the Porch of Judgment, he made.”

[7:7]  ²² tc The Hebrew text reads, “from the floor to the floor.” The second occurrence of the term הַקַּרְקָע (haqqarqa’, “the floor”) is probably an error; one should emend to הַקּוֹרוֹת (haqqorot, “the rafters”). See 6:16.