Kejadian 38:24

38:24 After three months Judah was told, ¹  “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has turned to prostitution, ²  and as a result she has become pregnant.” ³  Judah said, “Bring her out and let her be burned!”

Keluaran 21:12

Personal Injuries

21:12 ⁴ “Whoever strikes someone ⁵  so that he dies ⁶  must surely be put to death. ⁷ 

[38:24]  ¹ tn Heb “it was told to Judah, saying.”

[38:24]  ² tn Or “has been sexually promiscuous.” The verb may refer here to loose or promiscuous activity, not necessarily prostitution.

[38:24]  ³ tn Heb “and also look, she is with child by prostitution.”

[21:12]  ⁴ sn The underlying point of this section remains vital today: The people of God must treat all human life as sacred.

[21:12]  ⁵ tn The construction uses a Hiphil participle in construct with the noun for “man” (or person as is understood in a law for the nation): “the one striking [of] a man.” This is a casus pendens (independent nominative absolute); it indicates the condition or action that involves further consequence (GKC 361 §116.w).

[21:12]  ⁶ tn The Hebrew word וָמֵת (vamet) is a Qal perfect with vav consecutive; it means “and he dies” and not “and killed him” (which require another stem). Gesenius notes that this form after a participle is the equivalent of a sentence representing a contingent action (GKC 333 §112.n). The word shows the result of the action in the opening participle. It is therefore a case of murder or manslaughter.

[21:12]  ⁷ sn See A. Phillips, “Another Look at Murder,” JJS 28 (1977): 105-26.