Keluaran 12:29

The Deliverance from Egypt

12:29 ¹ It happened ²  at midnight – the Lord attacked all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the prison, and all the firstborn of the cattle.

Keluaran 12:2

12:2 “This month is to be your beginning of months; it will be your first month of the year. ³ 

1 Samuel 24:16

24:16 When David finished speaking these words to Saul, Saul said, “Is that your voice, my son David?” Then Saul wept loudly. ⁴ 

1 Samuel 24:2

24:2 So Saul took three thousand select men from all Israel and went to find ⁵  David and his men in the region of ⁶  the rocks of the mountain goats. ⁷ 

1 Raja-raja 19:1

Elijah Runs for His Life

19:1 Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, including a detailed account of how he killed all the prophets with the sword.

1 Raja-raja 19:1

Elijah Runs for His Life

19:1 Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, including a detailed account of how he killed all the prophets with the sword.

1 Tawarikh 21:12

21:12 three ⁸  years of famine, or three months being chased by your enemies and struck down by their swords, ⁹  or three days being struck down by the Lord, during which a plague will invade the land and the Lord’s messenger will destroy throughout Israel’s territory.’ ¹⁰  Now, decide what I should tell the one who sent me.”

1 Tawarikh 21:2

21:2 David told Joab and the leaders of the army, ¹¹  “Go, count the number of warriors ¹²  from Beer Sheba to Dan. Then bring back a report to me so I may know how many we have.” ¹³ 

1 Tawarikh 1:21

1:21 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,

[12:29]  ¹ sn The next section records the deliverance of Israel from Egypt, and so becomes the turning point of the book. Verses 28 and 29 could be included in the exposition of the previous section as the culmination of that part. The message might highlight God’s requirement for deliverance from bondage through the application of the blood of the sacrifice, God’s instruction for the memorial of deliverance through the purging of corruption, and the compliance of those who believed the message. But these verses also form the beginning of this next section (and so could be used transitionally). This unit includes the judgment on Egypt (29-30), the exodus from Egypt (31-39) and the historical summation and report (40-42).

[12:29]  ² tn The verse begins with the temporal indicator וַיְהִי (vayÿhi), often translated “and it came to pass.” Here it could be left untranslated: “In the middle of the night Yahweh attacked.” The word order of the next and main clause furthers the emphasis by means of the vav disjunctive on the divine name preceding the verb. The combination of these initial and disjunctive elements helps to convey the suddenness of the attack, while its thoroughness is stressed by the repetition of “firstborn” in the rest of the verse, the merism (“from the firstborn of Pharaoh…to the firstborn of the captive”), and the mention of cattle.

[12:2]  ³ sn B. Jacob (Exodus, 294-95) shows that the intent of the passage was not to make this month in the spring the New Year – that was in the autumn. Rather, when counting months this was supposed to be remembered first, for it was the great festival of freedom from Egypt. He observes how some scholars have unnecessarily tried to date one New Year earlier than the other.

[24:16]  ⁴ tn Heb “lifted his voice and wept.”

[24:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “to search [for].”

[24:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “upon the face of.”

[24:2]  ⁷ tn Or “the region of the Rocks of the Mountain Goats,” if this expression is understood as a place name (cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV, TEV, CEV).

[21:12]  ⁸ tc The parallel text in the MT of 2 Sam 24:13 has “seven,” but LXX has “three” there.

[21:12]  ⁹ tc Heb “or three months being swept away from before your enemies and the sword of your enemies overtaking.” The Hebrew term נִסְפֶּה (nisppeh, Niphal participle from סָפָה, safah) should probably be emended to נֻסְכָה (nusÿkhah, Qal infinitive from נוּס [nus] with second masculine singular suffix). See 2 Sam 24:13.

[21:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “or three days of the sword of the Lord and plague in the land, and the messenger [or “angel”] of the Lord destroying in all the territory of Israel.”

[21:2]  ¹¹ tn Or “people.”

[21:2]  ¹² tn Heb “Go, count Israel.” See the note on “had” in v. 1.

[21:2]  ¹³ tn Heb “their number.”