Keluaran 12:38

12:38 A mixed multitude ¹  also went up with them, and flocks and herds – a very large number of cattle. ² 

Keluaran 30:33

30:33 Whoever makes perfume like it and whoever puts any of it on someone not a priest ³  will be cut off ⁴  from his people.’”

Keluaran 29:40

29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah ⁵  of fine flour mixed with a fourth of a hin ⁶  of oil from pressed olives, and a fourth of a hin of wine as a drink offering.

[12:38]  ¹ tn The “mixed multitude” (עֵרֶב רַב, ’erev rav) refers to a great “swarm” (see a possible cognate in 8:21[17]) of folk who joined the Israelites, people who were impressed by the defeat of Egypt, who came to faith, or who just wanted to escape Egypt (maybe slaves or descendants of the Hyksos). The expression prepares for later references to riffraff who came along.

[12:38]  ² tn Heb “and very much cattle.”

[30:33]  ³ tn Heb “a stranger,” meaning someone not ordained a priest.

[30:33]  ⁴ sn The rabbinic interpretation of this is that it is a penalty imposed by heaven, that the life will be cut short and the person could die childless.

[29:40]  ⁵ tn The phrase “of an ephah” has been supplied for clarity (cf. Num 28:5). The ephah was a commonly used dry measure whose capacity is now uncertain: “Quotations given for the ephah vary from ca. 45 to 20 liters” (C. Houtman, Exodus, 2:340-41).

[29:40]  ⁶ tn “Hin” is a transliterated Hebrew word that seems to have an Egyptian derivation. The amount of liquid measured by a hin is uncertain: “Its presumed capacity varies from about 3,5 liters to 7,5 liters” (C. Houtman, Exodus, 3:550).