Keluaran 21:14

21:14 But if a man willfully attacks his neighbor to kill him cunningly, ¹  you will take him even from my altar that he may die.

Bilangan 15:30

Deliberate Sin

15:30 “‘But the person ²  who acts defiantly, ³  whether native-born or a resident foreigner, insults ⁴  the Lord. ⁵  That person ⁶  must be cut off ⁷  from among his people.

Ibrani 5:2

5:2 He is able to deal compassionately with those who are ignorant and erring, since he also is subject to weakness,

[21:14]  ¹ tn The word עָרְמָה (’ormah) is problematic. It could mean with prior intent, which would be connected with the word in Prov 8:5, 12 which means “understanding” (or “prudence” – fully aware of the way things are). It could be connected also to an Arabic word for “enemy” which would indicate this was done with malice or evil intentions (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 270). The use here seems parallel to the one in Josh 9:4, an instance involving intentionality and clever deception.

[15:30]  ² tn Heb “soul.”

[15:30]  ³ tn The sin is described literally as acting “with a high hand” – בְּיָד רָמָה (bÿyad ramah). The expression means that someone would do something with deliberate defiance, with an arrogance in spite of what the Lord said. It is as if the sinner was about to attack God, or at least lifting his hand against God. The implication of the expression is that it was done in full knowledge of the Law (especially since this contrasts throughout with the sins of ignorance). Blatant defiance of the word of the Lord is dealt with differently. For similar expressions, see Exod 14:8 and Num 33:3.

[15:30]  ⁴ tn The verb occurs only in the Piel; it means “to blaspheme,” “to revile.”

[15:30]  ⁵ tn The word order in the Hebrew text places “Yahweh” first for emphasis – it is the Lord such a person insults.

[15:30]  ⁶ tn Heb “soul.”

[15:30]  ⁷ tn The clause begins with “and” because the verb is the perfect tense with vav (ו) consecutive. As discussed with Num 9:13, to be cut off could mean excommunication from the community, death by the community, or death by divine intervention.