Keluaran 22:20

22:20 “Whoever sacrifices to a god other than the Lord ¹  alone must be utterly destroyed. ² 

Keluaran 34:25

34:25 “You must not offer the blood of my sacrifice with yeast; the sacrifice from the feast of Passover must not remain until the following morning. ³ 

Keluaran 12:27

12:27 then you will say, ‘It is the sacrifice ⁴  of the Lord’s Passover, when he passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt, when he struck ⁵  Egypt and delivered our households.’” The people bowed down low ⁶  to the ground,

Keluaran 13:15

13:15 When Pharaoh stubbornly refused ⁷  to release us, the Lord killed all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of people to the firstborn of animals. ⁸  That is why I am sacrificing ⁹  to the Lord the first male offspring of every womb, but all my firstborn sons I redeem.’

[22:20]  ¹ tn Heb “not to Yahweh.”

[22:20]  ² tn The verb חָרַם (kharam) means “to be devoted” to God or “to be banned.” The idea is that it would be God’s to do with as he liked. What was put under the ban was for God alone, either for his service or for his judgment. But it was out of human control. Here the verb is saying that the person will be utterly destroyed.

[34:25]  ³ sn See M. Haran, “The Passover Sacrifice,” Studies in the Religion of Ancient Israel (VTSup), 86-116.

[12:27]  ⁴ sn This expression “the sacrifice of Yahweh’s Passover” occurs only here. The word זֶבַח (zevakh) means “slaughtering” and so a blood sacrifice. The fact that this word is used in Lev 3 for the peace offering has linked the Passover as a kind of peace offering, and both the Passover and the peace offerings were eaten as communal meals.

[12:27]  ⁵ tn The verb means “to strike, smite, plague”; it is the same verb that has been used throughout this section (נָגַף, nagaf). Here the construction is the infinitive construct in a temporal clause.

[12:27]  ⁶ tn The two verbs form a verbal hendiadys: “and the people bowed down and they worshiped.” The words are synonymous, and so one is taken as the adverb for the other.

[13:15]  ⁷ tn Heb “dealt hardly in letting us go” or “made it hard to let us go” (see S. R. Driver, Exodus, 110). The verb is the simple Hiphil perfect הִקְשָׁה (hiqshah, “he made hard”); the infinitive construct לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ (lÿshallÿkhenu, “to release us”) could be taken epexegetically, meaning “he made releasing us hard.” But the infinitive more likely gives the purpose or the result after the verb “hardened himself.” The verb is figurative for “be stubborn” or “stubbornly refuse.”

[13:15]  ⁸ tn The text uses “man” and “beast.”

[13:15]  ⁹ tn The form is the active participle.