Keluaran 24:11

24:11 But he did not lay a hand ¹  on the leaders of the Israelites, so they saw God, ²  and they ate and they drank. ³ 

Keluaran 29:24

29:24 You are to put all these ⁴  in Aaron’s hands ⁵  and in his sons’ hands, and you are to wave them as a wave offering ⁶  before the Lord.

Keluaran 38:4

38:4 He made a grating for the altar, a network of bronze under its ledge, halfway up from the bottom.

Keluaran 40:5

40:5 You are to put ⁷  the gold altar for incense in front of the ark of the testimony and put the curtain at the entrance to the tabernacle.

Keluaran 40:24

40:24 And he put the lampstand in the tent of meeting opposite the table, on the south side of the tabernacle.

[24:11]  ¹ tn Heb “he did not stretch out his hand,” i.e., to destroy them.

[24:11]  ² tn The verb is חָזָה (khazah); it can mean “to see, perceive” or “see a vision” as the prophets did. The LXX safeguarded this by saying, “appeared in the place of God.” B. Jacob says they beheld – prophetically, religiously (Exodus, 746) – but the meaning of that is unclear. The fact that God did not lay a hand on them – to kill them – shows that they saw something that they never expected to see and live. Some Christian interpreters have taken this to refer to a glorious appearance of the preincarnate Christ, the second person of the Trinity. They saw the brilliance of this manifestation – but not the detail. Later, Moses will still ask to see God’s glory – the real presence behind the phenomena.

[24:11]  ³ sn This is the covenant meal, the peace offering, that they are eating there on the mountain. To eat from the sacrifice meant that they were at peace with God, in covenant with him. Likewise, in the new covenant believers draw near to God on the basis of sacrifice, and eat of the sacrifice because they are at peace with him, and in Christ they see the Godhead revealed.

[29:24]  ⁴ tn Heb “the whole” or “the all.”

[29:24]  ⁵ tn Heb “palms.”

[29:24]  ⁶ tn The “wave offering” is תְּנוּפָה (tÿnufah); it is, of course, cognate with the verb, but an adverbial accusative rather than the direct object. In Lev 23 this seems to be a sacrificial gesture of things that are for the priests – but they present them first to Yahweh and then receive them back from him. So the waving is not side to side, but forward to Yahweh and then back to the priest. Here it is just an induction into that routine, since this is the ordination of the priests and the gifts are not yet theirs. So this will all be burned on the altar.

[40:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “give” (also four additional times in vv. 6-8).