Kisah Para Rasul 1:18-19

1:18 (Now this man Judas ¹  acquired a field with the reward of his unjust deed, ²  and falling headfirst ³  he burst open in the middle and all his intestines ⁴  gushed out. 1:19 This ⁵  became known to all who lived in Jerusalem, so that in their own language ⁶  they called that field ⁷  Hakeldama, that is, “Field of Blood.”)

Kisah Para Rasul 1:21

1:21 Thus one of the men ⁸  who have accompanied us during all the time the Lord Jesus associated with ⁹  us,

Kisah Para Rasul 1:24

1:24 Then they prayed, ¹⁰  “Lord, you know the hearts of all. Show us which one of these two you have chosen

Kisah Para Rasul 2:23

2:23 this man, who was handed over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you executed ¹¹  by nailing him to a cross at the hands of Gentiles. ¹² 

Kisah Para Rasul 3:18

3:18 But the things God foretold ¹³  long ago through ¹⁴  all the prophets – that his Christ ¹⁵  would suffer – he has fulfilled in this way.

Kisah Para Rasul 4:33

4:33 With ¹⁶  great power the apostles were giving testimony ¹⁷  to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was on them all.

Kisah Para Rasul 10:39

10:39 We ¹⁸  are witnesses of all the things he did both in Judea ¹⁹  and in Jerusalem. ²⁰  They ²¹  killed him by hanging him on a tree, ²² 

Kisah Para Rasul 12:4

12:4 When he had seized him, he put him in prison, handing him over to four squads ²³  of soldiers to guard him. Herod ²⁴  planned ²⁵  to bring him out for public trial ²⁶  after the Passover.

Kisah Para Rasul 12:6

12:6 On that very night before Herod was going to bring him out for trial, ²⁷  Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains, while ²⁸  guards in front of the door were keeping watch ²⁹  over the prison.

Kisah Para Rasul 12:19

12:19 When Herod ³⁰  had searched ³¹  for him and did not find him, he questioned ³²  the guards and commanded that they be led away to execution. ³³  Then ³⁴  Herod ³⁵  went down from Judea to Caesarea ³⁶  and stayed there.

Kisah Para Rasul 13:27

13:27 For the people who live in Jerusalem and their rulers did not recognize ³⁷  him, ³⁸  and they fulfilled the sayings ³⁹  of the prophets that are read every Sabbath by condemning ⁴⁰  him. ⁴¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 13:29

13:29 When they had accomplished ⁴²  everything that was written ⁴³  about him, they took him down ⁴⁴  from the cross ⁴⁵  and placed him ⁴⁶  in a tomb.

Kisah Para Rasul 15:28

15:28 For it seemed best to the Holy Spirit and to us ⁴⁷  not to place any greater burden on you than these necessary rules: ⁴⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 16:23

16:23 After they had beaten them severely, ⁴⁹  they threw them into prison and commanded ⁵⁰  the jailer to guard them securely.

Kisah Para Rasul 22:20

22:20 And when the blood of your witness ⁵¹  Stephen was shed, ⁵²  I myself was standing nearby, approving, ⁵³  and guarding the cloaks ⁵⁴  of those who were killing him.’ ⁵⁵ 

[1:18]  ¹ tn The referent of “this man” (Judas) was specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:18]  ² tn Traditionally, “with the reward of his wickedness.”

[1:18]  ³ tn Traditionally, “falling headlong.”

[1:18]  ⁴ tn Or “all his bowels.”

[1:19]  ⁵ tn Grk “And this.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[1:19]  ⁶ sn Their own language refers to Aramaic, the primary language spoken in Palestine in Jesus’ day.

[1:19]  ⁷ tn Grk “that field was called.” The passive voice has been converted to active in the translation in keeping with contemporary English style.

[1:21]  ⁸ tn The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which only exceptionally is used in a generic sense of both males and females. In this context, where a successor to Judas is being chosen, only men were under consideration in the original historical context.

[1:21]  ⁹ tn Grk “the Lord Jesus went in and out among us.” According to BDAG 294 s.v. εἰσέρχομαι 1.b.β, “ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ ᾧ εἰσῆλθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφ᾿ ἡμᾶς went in and out among us = associated with us Ac 1:21.”

[1:24]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “And praying, they said.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[2:23]  ¹¹ tn Or “you killed.”

[2:23]  ¹² tn Grk “at the hands of lawless men.” At this point the term ἄνομος (anomo") refers to non-Jews who live outside the Jewish (Mosaic) law, rather than people who broke any or all laws including secular laws. Specifically it is a reference to the Roman soldiers who carried out Jesus’ crucifixion.

[3:18]  ¹³ sn God foretold. Peter’s topic is the working out of God’s plan and promise through events the scriptures also note.

[3:18]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “by the mouth of” (an idiom).

[3:18]  ¹⁵ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[3:18]  sn See the note on Christ in 2:31.

[4:33]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “And with.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[4:33]  ¹⁷ tn Or “were witnessing.”

[10:39]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “And we.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[10:39]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the land of the Jews,” but this is similar to the phrase used as the name of the province of Judea in 1 Macc 8:3 (see BDAG 1093-94 s.v. χώρα 2.b).

[10:39]  ²⁰ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[10:39]  ²¹ tn Grk “in Jerusalem, whom they killed.” The relative pronoun was replaced by the pronoun “him” and a new sentence was begun in the translation at this point to improve the English style, due to the length of the sentence in Greek.

[10:39]  ²² tn Or “by crucifying him” (“hang on a tree” is by the time of the 1st century an idiom for crucifixion). The allusion is to the judgment against Jesus as a rebellious figure, appealing to the language of Deut 21:23. The Jewish leadership has badly “misjudged” Jesus.

[12:4]  ²³ sn Four squads of soldiers. Each squad was a detachment of four soldiers.

[12:4]  ²⁴ tn Grk “guard him, planning to bring him out.” The Greek construction continues with a participle (βουλόμενος, boulomeno") and an infinitive (ἀναγαγεῖν, anagagein), but this creates an awkward and lengthy sentence in English. Thus a reference to Herod was introduced as subject and the participle translated as a finite verb (“Herod planned”).

[12:4]  ²⁵ tn Or “intended”; Grk “wanted.”

[12:4]  ²⁶ tn Grk “to bring him out to the people,” but in this context a public trial (with certain condemnation as the result) is doubtless what Herod planned. L&N 15.176 translates this phrase “planning to bring him up for a public trial after the Passover.”

[12:6]  ²⁷ tn Grk “was going to bring him out,” but the upcoming trial is implied. See Acts 12:4.

[12:6]  ²⁸ tn Grk “two chains, and.” Logically it makes better sense to translate this as a temporal clause, although technically it is a coordinate clause in Greek.

[12:6]  ²⁹ tn Or “were guarding.”

[12:19]  ³⁰ sn King Herod was Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod I (Herod the Great).

[12:19]  ³¹ tn Or “had instigated a search” (Herod would have ordered the search rather than conducting it himself).

[12:19]  ³² tn “Questioned” is used to translate ἀνακρίνας (anakrina") here because a possible translation offered by BDAG 66 s.v. ἀνακρίνω for this verse is “examined,” which could be understood to mean Herod inspected the guards rather than questioned them. The translation used by the NIV, “cross-examined,” also avoids this possible misunderstanding.

[12:19]  ³³ tn The meaning “led away to execution” for ἀπαχθῆναι (apacqhnai) in this verse is given by BDAG 95 s.v. ἀπάγω 2.c. Although an explicit reference to execution is lacking here, it is what would usually occur in such a case (Acts 16:27; 27:42; Code of Justinian 9.4.4). “Led away to torture” is a less likely option (Pliny the Younger, Letters 10, 96, 8).

[12:19]  ³⁴ tn Grk “and,” but the sequence of events is better expressed in English by “then.” A new sentence is begun in the translation because of the length of the sentence in Greek, which exceeds normal English sentence length.

[12:19]  ³⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Herod) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Since Herod has been the subject of the preceding material, and the circumstances of his death are the subject of the following verses (20-23), it is best to understand Herod as the subject here. This is especially true since according to Josephus, Ant. 19.8.2 [19.343-352], Herod Agrippa I died at Caesarea in a.d. 44, and vv. 20-23 here describe his death. Thus the end of v. 19 provides Luke’s transition to explain how Herod got from Jerusalem to Caesarea where he died. In spite of all this evidence, the NRSV translates this phrase “Then Peter went down from Judea to Caesarea and stayed there,” understanding the referent to be Peter rather than Herod Agrippa I.

[12:19]  sn King Herod was Herod Agrippa I, the grandson of Herod I (Herod the Great), who died at Caesarea in a.d. 44 according to Josephus, Ant. 19.8.2 [19.343-352].

[12:19]  ³⁶ sn Caesarea was a city on the coast of Palestine south of Mount Carmel (not Caesarea Philippi). See the note on Caesarea in Acts 10:1.

[12:19]  map For location see Map2 C1; Map4 B3; Map5 F2; Map7 A1; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[13:27]  ³⁷ tn BDAG 12-13 s.v. ἀγνοέω 1.b gives “not to know w. acc. of pers.” as the meaning here, but “recognize” is a better translation in this context because recognition of the true identity of the one they condemned is the issue. See Acts 2:22-24; 4:26-28.

[13:27]  ³⁸ tn Grk “this one.”

[13:27]  ³⁹ tn Usually φωνή (fwnh) means “voice,” but BDAG 1071-72 s.v. φωνή 2.c has “Also of sayings in scripture…Ac 13:27.”

[13:27]  sn They fulfilled the sayings. The people in Jerusalem and the Jewish rulers should have known better, because they had the story read to them weekly in the synagogue.

[13:27]  ⁴⁰ tn The participle κρίναντες (krinante") is instrumental here.

[13:27]  ⁴¹ tn The word “him” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[13:29]  ⁴² tn Or “carried out.”

[13:29]  ⁴³ sn That is, everything that was written in OT scripture.

[13:29]  ⁴⁴ tn Grk “taking him down from the cross, they placed him.” The participle καθελόντες (kaqelonte") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[13:29]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “tree,” but frequently figurative for a cross. The allusion is to Deut 21:23. See Acts 5:30; 10:39.

[13:29]  ⁴⁶ tn The word “him” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[15:28]  ⁴⁷ tn This is the same expression translated “decided” in Acts 15:22, 25. BDAG 255 s.v. δοκέω 2.b.β lists “decide” as a possible gloss for this verse, and this translation would be consistent with the translation of the same expression in Acts 15:22, 25. However, the unusually awkward “the Holy Spirit and we have decided” would result. Given this approach, it would be more natural in English to say “We and the Holy Spirit have decided,” but changing the order removes the emphasis the Greek text gives to the Holy Spirit. Thus, although the similarity to the phrases in 15:22, 25 is obscured, it is better to use the alternate translation “it seems best to me” (also given by BDAG): “it seemed best to the Holy Spirit and to us.” Again the scope of agreement is highlighted.

[15:28]  ⁴⁸ tn L&N 71.39 translates “indispensable (rules)” while BDAG 358 s.v. ἐπάναγκες has “the necessary things.”

[16:23]  ⁴⁹ tn Grk “Having inflicted many blows on them.” The participle ἐπιθέντες (epiqente") has been taken temporally. BDAG 384 s.v. ἐπιτίθημι 1.a.β has “inflict blows upon someone” for this expression, but in this context it is simpler to translate in English as “they had beaten them severely.”

[16:23]  ⁵⁰ tn Grk “commanding.” The participle παραγγείλαντες (parangeilante") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[22:20]  ⁵¹ sn Now Paul referred to Stephen as your witness, and he himself had also become a witness. The reversal was now complete; the opponent had now become a proponent.

[22:20]  ⁵² sn When the blood of your witness Stephen was shed means “when your witness Stephen was murdered.”

[22:20]  ⁵³ tn Grk “and approving.” This καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.

[22:20]  ⁵⁴ tn Or “outer garments.”

[22:20]  sn The cloaks. The outer garment, or cloak, was taken off and laid aside to leave the arms free (in this case for throwing stones).

[22:20]  ⁵⁵ tn Or “who were putting him to death.” For the translation of ἀναιρούντων (anairountwn) as “putting to death” see BDAG 64 s.v. ἀναιρέω 2.