Kisah Para Rasul 13:16-20

13:16 So Paul stood up, ¹  gestured ²  with his hand and said,

“Men of Israel, ³  and you Gentiles who fear God, ⁴  listen: 13:17 The God of this people Israel ⁵  chose our ancestors ⁶  and made the people great ⁷  during their stay as foreigners ⁸  in the country ⁹  of Egypt, and with uplifted arm ¹⁰  he led them out of it. 13:18 For ¹¹  a period of about forty years he put up with ¹²  them in the wilderness. ¹³  13:19 After ¹⁴  he had destroyed ¹⁵  seven nations ¹⁶  in the land of Canaan, he gave his people their land as an inheritance. ¹⁷  13:20 All this took ¹⁸  about four hundred fifty years. After this ¹⁹  he gave them judges until the time of ²⁰  Samuel the prophet.

[13:16]  ¹ tn This participle, ἀναστάς (anasta"), and the following one, κατασείσας (kataseisa"), are both translated as adverbial participles of attendant circumstance.

[13:16]  ² tn Or “motioned.”

[13:16]  ³ tn Or “Israelite men,” although this is less natural English. The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which only exceptionally is used in a generic sense of both males and females. In this context involving an address to a synagogue gathering, it is conceivable that this is a generic usage, although it can also be argued that Paul’s remarks were addressed primarily to the men present, even if women were there.

[13:16]  ⁴ tn Grk “and those who fear God,” but this is practically a technical term for the category called God-fearers, Gentiles who worshiped the God of Israel and in many cases kept the Mosaic law, but did not take the final step of circumcision necessary to become a proselyte to Judaism. See further K. G. Kuhn, TDNT 6:732-34, 743-44.

[13:17]  ⁵ tn Or “people of Israel.”

[13:17]  ⁶ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[13:17]  sn Note how Paul identifies with his audience by referring to our ancestors. He speaks as a Jew. God’s design in history is the theme of the speech. The speech is like Stephen’s, only here the focus is on a promised Son of David.

[13:17]  ⁷ tn That is, in both numbers and in power. The implication of greatness in both numbers and in power is found in BDAG 1046 s.v. ὑψόω 2.

[13:17]  ⁸ tn Or “as resident aliens.”

[13:17]  ⁹ tn Or “land.”

[13:17]  ¹⁰ sn Here uplifted arm is a metaphor for God’s power by which he delivered the Israelites from Egypt. See Exod 6:1, 6; 32:11; Deut 3:24; 4:34; Ps 136:11-12.

[13:18]  ¹¹ tn Grk “And for.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[13:18]  ¹² tn For this verb, see BDAG 1017 s.v. τροποφορέω (cf. also Deut 1:31; Exod 16:35; Num 14:34).

[13:18]  ¹³ tn Or “desert.”

[13:19]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “And after.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[13:19]  ¹⁵ tn The participle καθελών (kaqelwn) is taken temporally.

[13:19]  ¹⁶ sn Seven nations. See Deut 7:1.

[13:19]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “he gave their land as an inheritance.” The words “his people” are supplied to complete an ellipsis specifying the recipients of the land.

[13:20]  ¹⁸ tn The words “all this took” are not in the Greek text, but are supplied to make a complete statement in English. There is debate over where this period of 450 years fits and what it includes: (1) It could include the years in Egypt, the conquest of Canaan, and the distribution of the land; (2) some connect it with the following period of the judges. This latter approach seems to conflict with 1 Kgs 6:1; see also Josephus, Ant. 8.3.1 (8.61).

[13:20]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “And after these things.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[13:20]  ²⁰ tn The words “the time of” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.