Imamat 6:4-5

6:4 when it happens that he sins and he is found guilty, ¹  then he must return whatever he had stolen, or whatever he had extorted, or the thing that he had held in trust, ²  or the lost thing that he had found, 6:5 or anything about which he swears falsely. ³  He must restore it in full ⁴  and add one fifth to it; he must give it to its owner when he is found guilty. ⁵ 

Imamat 6:1

Trespass by Deception and False Oath

6:1 (5:20) ⁶  Then the Lord spoke to Moses: ⁷ 

1 Samuel 12:3

12:3 Here I am. Bring a charge against me before the Lord and before his chosen king. ⁸  Whose ox have I taken? Whose donkey have I taken? Whom have I wronged? Whom have I oppressed? From whose hand have I taken a bribe so that I would overlook something? Tell me, ⁹  and I will return it to you!”

1 Samuel 12:2

12:2 Now look! This king walks before you. As for me, I am old and gray, though my sons are here with you. I have walked before you from the time of my youth till the present day.

1 Samuel 12:6

12:6 Samuel said to the people, “The Lord is the one who chose Moses and Aaron and who brought your ancestors ¹⁰  up from the land of Egypt.

Yesaya 58:6

58:6 No, this is the kind of fast I want. ¹¹ 

I want you ¹²  to remove the sinful chains,

to tear away the ropes of the burdensome yoke,

to set free the oppressed, ¹³ 

and to break every burdensome yoke.

Lukas 3:8

3:8 Therefore produce ¹⁴  fruit ¹⁵  that proves your repentance, and don’t begin to say ¹⁶  to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’ ¹⁷  For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! ¹⁸ 

[6:4]  ¹ tn Heb “and it shall happen, when he sins and becomes guilty,” which is both resumptive of the previous (vv. 2-3) and the conclusion to the protasis (cf. “then” introducing the next clause as the apodosis). In this case, “becomes guilty” (cf. NASB, NIV) probably refers to his legal status as one who has been convicted of a crime in court; thus the translation “he is found guilty.” See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:559-61.

[6:4]  ² tn Heb “that had been held in trust with him.”

[6:5]  ³ tn Heb “or from all which he swears on it to falsehood.”

[6:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “in its head.” This refers “the full amount” in terms of the “principal,” the original item or amount obtained illegally (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:338; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 84).

[6:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “to whom it is to him he shall give it in the day of his being guilty.” The present translation is based on the view that he has been found guilty through the legal process (see the note on v. 4 above; cf., e.g., TEV and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 33-34). Others translate the latter part as “in the day he offers his guilt [reparation] offering” (e.g., NIV and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 73, 84), or “in the day he realizes his guilt” (e.g., NRSV and J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:319, 338).

[6:1]  ⁶ sn Beginning with 6:1, the verse numbers through 6:30 in the English Bible differ from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 6:1 ET = 5:20 HT, 6:2 ET = 5:21 HT, 6:8 ET = 6:1 HT, etc., through 6:30 ET = 6:23 HT. Beginning with 7:1 the verse numbers in the English text and Hebrew text are again the same.

[6:1]  ⁷ sn This paragraph is Lev 6:1-7 in the English Bible but Lev 5:20-26 in the Hebrew text. The quotation introduced by v. 1 extends from Lev 6:2 (5:21 HT) through 6:7 (5:26 HT), encompassing the third main section of guilt offering regulations. Compare the notes on Lev 1:1; 4:1; and 5:14 above.

[12:3]  ⁸ tn Heb “anointed [one].”

[12:3]  ⁹ tn The words “tell me” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[12:6]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 7, 8).

[58:6]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Is this not a fast I choose?” “No” is supplied in the translation for clarification.

[58:6]  ¹² tn The words “I want you” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[58:6]  ¹³ tn Heb “crushed.”

[3:8]  ¹⁴ tn The verb here is ποιέω (poiew; see v. 4).

[3:8]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “fruits.” The plural Greek term καρπούς has been translated with the collective singular “fruit” (so NIV; cf. Matt 3:8 where the singular καρπός is found). Some other translations render the plural καρπούς as “fruits” (e.g., NRSV, NASB, NAB, NKJV).

[3:8]  ¹⁶ tn In other words, “do not even begin to think this.”

[3:8]  ¹⁷ sn We have Abraham as our father. John’s warning to the crowds really assumes two things: (1) A number of John’s listeners apparently believed that simply by their physical descent from Abraham, they were certain heirs of the promises made to the patriarch, and (2) God would never judge his covenant people lest he inadvertently place the fulfillment of his promises in jeopardy. In light of this, John tells these people two things: (1) they need to repent and produce fruit in keeping with repentance, for only that saves from the coming wrath, and (2) God will raise up “children for Abraham from these stones” if he wants to. Their disobedience will not threaten the realization of God’s sovereign purposes.

[3:8]  ¹⁸ sn The point of the statement God is able from these stones to raise up children to Abraham is that ancestry or association with a tradition tied to the great founder of the Jewish nation is not an automatic source of salvation.