Matius 28:1-15

The Resurrection

28:1 Now after the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary went to look at the tomb. 28:2 Suddenly there was a severe earthquake, for an angel of the Lord ¹  descending from heaven came and rolled away the stone and sat on it. 28:3 His ²  appearance was like lightning, and his clothes were white as snow. 28:4 The ³  guards were shaken and became like dead men because they were so afraid of him. 28:5 But the angel said ⁴  to the women, “Do not be afraid; I know ⁵  that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. ⁶  28:6 He is not here, for he has been raised, ⁷  just as he said. Come and see the place where he ⁸  was lying. 28:7 Then go quickly and tell his disciples, ‘He has been raised from the dead. He ⁹  is going ahead of you into Galilee. You will see him there.’ Listen, I have told you!” 28:8 So ¹⁰  they left the tomb quickly, with fear and great joy, and ran to tell his disciples. 28:9 But ¹¹  Jesus met them, saying, “Greetings!” They ¹²  came to him, held on to his feet and worshiped him. 28:10 Then Jesus said to them, “Do not be afraid. Go and tell my brothers to go to Galilee. They will see me there.”

The Guards’ Report

28:11 While ¹³  they were going, some ¹⁴  of the guard went into the city and told the chief priests everything that had happened. 28:12 After ¹⁵  they had assembled with the elders and formed a plan, they gave a large sum of money to the soldiers, 28:13 telling them, “You are to say, ‘His disciples came at night and stole his body ¹⁶  while we were asleep.’ 28:14 If ¹⁷  this matter is heard before the governor, ¹⁸  we will satisfy him ¹⁹  and keep you out of trouble.” ²⁰  28:15 So they took the money and did as they were instructed. And this story is told among the Jews to this day. ²¹ 

[28:2]  ¹ tn Or “the angel of the Lord.” See the note on the word “Lord” in 1:20.

[28:3]  ² tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[28:4]  ³ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[28:5]  ⁴ tn Grk “But answering, the angel said.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.

[28:5]  ⁵ tn Grk “for I know.”

[28:5]  ⁶ sn See the note on crucified in 20:19.

[28:6]  ⁷ tn The verb here is passive (ἠγέρθη, hgerqh). This “divine passive” (see ExSyn 437-38) points to the fact that Jesus was raised by God.

[28:6]  ⁸ tc Expansions on the text, especially when the Lord is the subject, are a common scribal activity. In this instance, since the subject is embedded in the verb, three major variants have emerged to make the subject explicit: ὁ κύριος (Jo kurio", “the Lord”; A C D L W 0148 Ë^1,13 Ï lat), τὸ σῶμα τοῦ κυρίου (to swma tou kuriou, “the body of the Lord”; 1424 pc), and ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς (Jo Ihsou", “Jesus”; Φ). The reading with no explicit subject, however, is superior on both internal and external grounds, being supported by א B Θ 33 892* pc co.

[28:7]  ⁹ tn Grk “And behold he.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[28:8]  ¹⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the angel’s instructions to tell the disciples.

[28:9]  ¹¹ tn Grk “And behold.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate that the return of the women from the tomb was interrupted by this appearance of Jesus. The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[28:9]  ¹² tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[28:11]  ¹³ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[28:11]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “behold, some of the guard.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[28:12]  ¹⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

[28:13]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “him.”

[28:14]  ¹⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated.

[28:14]  ¹⁸ tn Here ἐπί (epi) followed by the genitive = “before,” especially in the language of lawsuits (BDAG 363 s.v. 3).

[28:14]  ¹⁹ tc ‡ αὐτόν (auton, “him”) is found after πείσομεν (peisomen, “we will satisfy”) in the majority of witnesses, though it seems to be motivated by a need for clarification and cannot therefore easily explain the rise of the shorter reading (which is found in א B Θ 33 pc). Nevertheless, English style requires the pronoun. NA²⁷ includes the word in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

[28:14]  ²⁰ tn Grk “and you will not have to be worried” = “we will keep you out of trouble.”

[28:15]  ²¹ tc ‡ The word ἡμέρας (Jhmeras, “day”) is found after σήμερον (shmeron, “today, this [day]”) in some early and important witnesses (B D L Θ lat), but may be a clarifying (or perhaps redundant) note. The shorter reading (found in א A W 0148^vid Ë^1,13 33 Ï) is thus preferred. NA²⁷ includes the word in brackets, indicating reservations about its authenticity.