Matius 15:10

True Defilement

15:10 Then he called the crowd to him and said, ¹  “Listen and understand.

Matius 23:1

Seven Woes

23:1 Then Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples,

Markus 8:34

Following Jesus

8:34 Then ²  Jesus ³  called the crowd, along with his disciples, and said to them, “If anyone wants to become my follower, ⁴  he must deny ⁵  himself, take up his cross, ⁶  and follow me.

Markus 12:38

Warnings About Experts in the Law

12:38 In his teaching Jesus ⁷  also said, “Watch out for the experts in the law. ⁸  They like walking ⁹  around in long robes and elaborate greetings ¹⁰  in the marketplaces,

Markus 12:1

The Parable of the Tenants

12:1 Then ¹¹  he began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard. ¹²  He put a fence around it, dug a pit for its winepress, and built a watchtower. Then ¹³  he leased it to tenant farmers ¹⁴  and went on a journey.

Titus 1:1

Salutation

1:1 From Paul, ¹⁵  a slave ¹⁶  of God and apostle of Jesus Christ, to further the faith ¹⁷  of God’s chosen ones and the knowledge of the truth that is in keeping with godliness,

[15:10]  ¹ tn Grk “And calling the crowd, he said to them.” The participle προσκαλεσάμενος (proskalesamenos) has been translated as attendant circumstance. The emphasis here is upon Jesus’ speaking to the crowd.

[8:34]  ² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[8:34]  ³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[8:34]  ⁴ tn Grk “to follow after me.”

[8:34]  ⁵ tn This translation better expresses the force of the Greek third person imperative than the traditional “let him deny,” which could be understood as merely permissive.

[8:34]  ⁶ sn To bear the cross means to accept the rejection of the world for turning to Jesus and following him. Discipleship involves a death that is like a crucifixion; see Gal 6:14.

[12:38]  ⁷ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[12:38]  ⁸ tn Or “for the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 1:22.

[12:38]  ⁹ tn In Greek this is the only infinitive in vv. 38-39. It would be awkward in English to join an infinitive to the following noun clauses, so this has been translated as a gerund.

[12:38]  ¹⁰ sn There is later Jewish material in the Talmud that spells out such greetings in detail. See H. Windisch, TDNT 1:498.

[12:1]  ¹¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[12:1]  ¹² sn The vineyard is a figure for Israel in the OT (Isa 5:1-7). The nation and its leaders are the tenants, so the vineyard here may well refer to the promise that resides within the nation. The imagery is like that in Rom 11:11-24.

[12:1]  ¹³ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[12:1]  ¹⁴ sn The leasing of land to tenant farmers was common in this period.

[1:1]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “Paul.” The word “from” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied to indicate the sender of the letter.

[1:1]  ¹⁶ tn Traditionally, “servant” or “bondservant.” Though δοῦλος (doulos) is normally translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times…in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v.). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος), in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force.

[1:1]  sn Undoubtedly the background for the concept of being the Lord’s slave or servant is to be found in the Old Testament scriptures. For a Jew this concept did not connote drudgery, but honor and privilege. It was used of national Israel at times (Isa 43:10), but was especially associated with famous OT personalities, including such great men as Moses (Josh 14:7), David (Ps 89:3; cf. 2 Sam 7:5, 8) and Elijah (2 Kgs 10:10); all these men were “servants (or slaves) of the Lord.”

[1:1]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “for the faith,” possibly, “in accordance with the faith.”