Mazmur 18:38

18:38 I beat them ¹  to death; ² 

they fall at my feet. ³ 

Mazmur 39:10

39:10 Please stop wounding me! ⁴ 

You have almost beaten me to death! ⁵ 

Mazmur 44:19

44:19 Yet you have battered us, leaving us a heap of ruins overrun by wild dogs; ⁶ 

you have covered us with darkness. ⁷ 

Mazmur 91:13

91:13 You will subdue ⁸  a lion and a snake; ⁹ 

you will trample underfoot a young lion and a serpent.

Mazmur 107:12

107:12 So he used suffering to humble them; ¹⁰ 

they stumbled and no one helped them up.

[18:38]  ¹ tn Or “smash them.” 2 Sam 22:39 reads, “and I wiped them out and smashed them.”

[18:38]  ² tn Heb “until they are unable to rise.” 2 Sam 22:39 reads, “until they do not rise.”

[18:38]  ³ sn They fall at my feet. For ancient Near Eastern parallels, see O. Keel, The Symbolism of the Biblical World, 294-97.

[39:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “remove from upon me your wound.”

[39:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “from the hostility of your hand I have come to an end.”

[44:19]  ⁶ tn Heb “yet you have battered us in a place of jackals.”

[44:19]  ⁷ tn The Hebrew term צַלְמָוֶת (tsalmavet) has traditionally been understood as a compound noun meaning “shadow of death” (צֵל+מָוֶת [mavet + tsel]; see BDB 853 s.v. צַלְמָוֶת; cf. NASB). Other scholars prefer to vocalize the form צַלְמוּת (tsalmut) and understand it as an abstract noun (from the root צלם) meaning “darkness” (cf. NIV, NRSV). An examination of the word’s usage favors the latter derivation. It is frequently associated with darkness/night and contrasted with light/morning (see Job 3:5; 10:21-22; 12:22; 24:17; 28:3; 34:22; Ps 107:10, 14; Isa 9:1; Jer 13:16; Amos 5:8). In some cases the darkness described is associated with the realm of death (Job 10:21-22; 38:17), but this is a metaphorical application of the word and does not reflect its inherent meaning. In Ps 44:19 darkness symbolizes defeat and humiliation.

[91:13]  ⁸ tn Heb “walk upon.”

[91:13]  ⁹ tn Or perhaps “cobra” (see Ps 58:4).

[107:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and he subdued with suffering their heart.”