Pengkhotbah 3:12-13

Enjoy Life in the Present

3:12 I have concluded ¹  that there is nothing better for people ² 

than ³  to be happy and to enjoy

themselves ⁴  as long as they live,

3:13 and also that everyone should eat and drink, and find enjoyment in all his toil,

for these things ⁵  are a gift from God.

Pengkhotbah 3:22

3:22 So I perceived there is nothing better than for people ⁶  to enjoy their work, ⁷ 

because that is their ⁸  reward;

for who can show them what the future holds? ⁹ 

[3:12]  ¹ tn Heb “I know.”

[3:12]  ² tn Heb “for them”; the referent (people, i.e., mankind) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[3:12]  ³ tn Qoheleth uses the exceptive particle אִם…כִּי (ki…’im, “except”) to identify the only exception to the futility within man’s life (BDB 474 s.v. כִּי 2).

[3:12]  ⁴ tn Heb “to do good.” The phrase לַעֲשׂוֹת טוֹב (la’asot tov) functions idiomatically for “to experience [or see] happiness [or joy].” The verb עָשַׂה (’asah) probably denotes “to acquire; to obtain” (BDB 795 s.v. עָשַׂה II.7), and טוֹב (tov) means “good; pleasure; happiness,” e.g., Eccl 2:24; 3:13; 5:17 (BDB 375 s.v. טוֹב 1).

[3:13]  ⁵ tn Heb “for it.” The referent of the 3rd person feminine singular independent person pronoun (“it”) is probably the preceding statement: “to eat, drink, and find satisfaction.” This would be an example of an anacoluthon (GKC 505-6 §167.b). Thus the present translation uses “these things” to indicate the reference back to the preceding.

[3:22]  ⁶ tn Heb “man.”

[3:22]  ⁷ tn Heb “his works.”

[3:22]  ⁸ tn Heb “his.”

[3:22]  ⁹ tn Heb “what will be after him” (cf. KJV, NASB, NIV) or “afterward” (cf. NJPS).