Titus 1:2

1:2 in hope of eternal life, which God, who does not lie, promised before the ages began. ¹ 

Titus 1:6-7

1:6 An elder must be blameless, ²  the husband of one wife, ³  with faithful children ⁴  who cannot be charged with dissipation or rebellion. 1:7 For the overseer ⁵  must be blameless as one entrusted with God’s work, ⁶  not arrogant, not prone to anger, not a drunkard, not violent, not greedy for gain.

Titus 1:12

1:12 A certain one of them, in fact, one of their own prophets, said, “Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons.” ⁷ 

Titus 2:13

2:13 as we wait for the happy fulfillment of our hope in the glorious appearing ⁸  of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ. ⁹ 

[1:2]  ¹ tn Grk “before eternal ages.”

[1:6]  ² tn Grk “if anyone is blameless…” as a continuation of v. 5b, beginning to describe the elder’s character.

[1:6]  ³ tn Or “married only once,” “devoted solely to his wife.” See the note on “wife” in 1 Tim 3:2; also 1 Tim 3:12; 5:9.

[1:6]  ⁴ tn Or “believing children.” The phrase could be translated “believing children,” but the parallel with 1 Tim 3:4 (“keeping his children in control”) argues for the sense given in the translation.

[1:7]  ⁵ sn The overseer is another term for the same official position of leadership as the “elder.” This is seen in the interchange of the two terms in this passage and in Acts 20:17, 28, as well as in the parallels between these verses and 1 Tim 3:1-7.

[1:7]  ⁶ tn Grk “as God’s steward.”

[1:12]  ⁷ sn A saying attributed to the poet Epimenides of Crete (6th century b.c.).

[2:13]  ⁸ tn Grk “the blessed hope and glorious appearing.”

[2:13]  ⁹ tn The terms “God and Savior” both refer to the same person, Jesus Christ. This is one of the clearest statements in the NT concerning the deity of Christ. The construction in Greek is known as the Granville Sharp rule, named after the English philanthropist-linguist who first clearly articulated the rule in 1798. Sharp pointed out that in the construction article-noun-καί-noun (where καί [kai] = “and”), when two nouns are singular, personal, and common (i.e., not proper names), they always had the same referent. Illustrations such as “the friend and brother,” “the God and Father,” etc. abound in the NT to prove Sharp’s point. The only issue is whether terms such as “God” and “Savior” could be considered common nouns as opposed to proper names. Sharp and others who followed (such as T. F. Middleton in his masterful The Doctrine of the Greek Article) demonstrated that a proper name in Greek was one that could not be pluralized. Since both “God” (θεός, qeos) and “savior” (σωτήρ, swthr) were occasionally found in the plural, they did not constitute proper names, and hence, do fit Sharp’s rule. Although there have been 200 years of attempts to dislodge Sharp’s rule, all attempts have been futile. Sharp’s rule stands vindicated after all the dust has settled. For more information on Sharp’s rule see ExSyn 270-78, esp. 276. See also 2 Pet 1:1 and Jude 4.