Wahyu 1:15

1:15 His feet were like polished bronze ¹  refined ²  in a furnace, and his voice was like the roar ³  of many waters.

Wahyu 6:13

6:13 and the stars in the sky ⁴  fell to the earth like a fig tree dropping ⁵  its unripe figs ⁶  when shaken by a fierce ⁷  wind.

Wahyu 17:5

17:5 On ⁸  her forehead was written a name, a mystery: ⁹  “Babylon the Great, the Mother of prostitutes and of the detestable things of the earth.”

[1:15]  ¹ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears nowhere else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 2:18), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 2:18 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.

[1:15]  ² tn Or “that has been heated in a furnace until it glows.”

[1:15]  ³ tn Grk “sound,” but the idea is closer to the roar of a waterfall or rapids.

[6:13]  ⁴ tn Or “in heaven” (the same Greek word means both “heaven” and “sky”). The genitive τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (tou ouranou) is taken as a genitive of place.

[6:13]  ⁵ tn Grk “throws [off]”; the indicative verb has been translated as a participle due to English style.

[6:13]  ⁶ tn L&N 3.37 states, “a fig produced late in the summer season (and often falling off before it ripens) – ‘late fig.’ ὡς συκὴ βάλλει τοὺς ὀλύνθους αὐτῆς ὑπὸ ἀνέμου μεγάλου σειομένη ‘as the fig tree sheds its late figs when shaken by a great wind’ Re 6:13. In the only context in which ὄλυνθος occurs in the NT (Re 6:13), one may employ an expression such as ‘unripe fig’ or ‘fig which ripens late.’”

[6:13]  ⁷ tn Grk “great wind.”

[17:5]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[17:5]  ⁹ tn Some translations consider the word μυστήριον (musthrion, “mystery”) a part of the name written (“Mystery Babylon the Great,” so KJV, NIV), but the gender of both ὄνομα (onoma, “name”) and μυστήριον are neuter, while the gender of “Babylon” is feminine. This strongly suggests that μυστήριον should be understood as an appositive to ὄνομα (“a name, i.e., a mystery”).