Wahyu 16:9-11

16:9 Thus ¹  people ²  were scorched by the terrible heat, ³  yet ⁴  they blasphemed the name of God, who has ruling authority ⁵  over these plagues, and they would not repent and give him glory.

16:10 Then ⁶  the fifth angel ⁷  poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast so that ⁸  darkness covered his kingdom, ⁹  and people ¹⁰  began to bite ¹¹  their tongues because ¹²  of their pain. 16:11 They blasphemed the God of heaven because of their sufferings ¹³  and because of their sores, ¹⁴  but nevertheless ¹⁵  they still refused to repent ¹⁶  of their deeds.

Wahyu 16:21

16:21 And gigantic hailstones, weighing about a hundred pounds ¹⁷  each, fell from heaven ¹⁸  on people, ¹⁹  but they ²⁰  blasphemed God because of the plague of hail, since it ²¹  was so horrendous. ²² 

[16:9]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “thus” to indicate the implied result of the bowl poured on the sun.

[16:9]  ² tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

[16:9]  ³ tn On this phrase BDAG 536 s.v. καῦμα states, “burning, heat Rv 7:16…καυματίζεσθαι κ. μέγα be burned with a scorching heat 16:9.”

[16:9]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[16:9]  ⁵ tn For the translation “ruling authority” for ἐξουσία (exousia) see L&N 37.35.

[16:10]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[16:10]  ⁷ tn Grk “the fifth”; the referent (the fifth angel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:10]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so that” to indicate the implied result of the fifth bowl being poured out.

[16:10]  ⁹ tn Grk “his kingdom became dark.”

[16:10]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “men,” but this is a generic use of ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") and refers to both men and women.

[16:10]  ¹¹ tn On this term BDAG 620 s.v. μασάομαι states, “bite w. acc. τὰς γλώσσας bite their tongues Rv 16:10.”

[16:10]  ¹² tn The preposition ἐκ (ek) has been translated here and twice in the following verse with a causal sense.

[16:11]  ¹³ tn Grk “pains” (the same term in Greek [πόνος, ponos] as the last word in v. 11, here translated “sufferings” because it is plural). BDAG 852 s.v. 2 states, “ἐκ τοῦ π. in pain…Rv 16:10; pl. (Gen 41:51; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 146; Test. Jud. 18:4) ἐκ τῶν π. …because of their sufferings vs. 11.”

[16:11]  ¹⁴ tn Or “ulcerated sores” (see 16:2).

[16:11]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “and they did not repent.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but nevertheless” to express the contrast here.

[16:11]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “they did not repent” The addition of “still refused” reflects the hardness of people’s hearts in the context.

[16:21]  ¹⁷ tn Here BDAG 988 s.v. ταλαντιαῖος states, “weighing a talent…χάλαζα μεγάλη ὡς ταλαντιαία a severe hailstorm with hailstones weighing a talent (the talent=125 librae, or Roman pounds of c. 343 gr. or 12 ounces each) (weighing about a hundred pounds NRSV) Rv 16:21.” This means each hailstone would weigh just under 100 pounds or 40 kilograms.

[16:21]  ¹⁸ tn Or “the sky.” Due to the apocalyptic nature of this book, it is probably best to leave the translation as “from heaven,” since God is ultimately the source of the judgment.

[16:21]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “on men,” but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used here in a generic sense to refer to people in general (the hailstones did not single out adult males, but would have also fallen on women and children).

[16:21]  ²⁰ tn Grk “the men”; for stylistic reasons the pronoun “they” is used here.

[16:21]  ²¹ tn Grk “the plague of it.”

[16:21]  ²² tn Grk “since the plague of it was exceedingly great.”