Wahyu 2:8

To the Church in Smyrna

2:8 “To ¹  the angel of the church in Smyrna write the following: ² 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ³  the one who is the first and the last, the one who was dead, but ⁴  came to life:

Wahyu 2:12

To the Church in Pergamum

2:12 “To ⁵  the angel of the church in Pergamum write the following: ⁶ 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ⁷  the one who has the sharp double-edged sword: ⁸ 

Wahyu 2:18

To the Church in Thyatira

2:18 “To ⁹  the angel of the church in Thyatira write the following: ¹⁰ 

“This is the solemn pronouncement of ¹¹  the Son of God, the one who has eyes like a fiery flame ¹²  and whose feet are like polished bronze: ¹³ 

[2:8]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[2:8]  ² tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[2:8]  ³ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[2:8]  sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.

[2:8]  ⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present between these two phrases.

[2:12]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[2:12]  ⁶ tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[2:12]  ⁷ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[2:12]  sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.

[2:12]  ⁸ sn On the sharp double-edged sword see 1:16.

[2:18]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated due to differences between Greek and English style.

[2:18]  ¹⁰ tn The phrase “the following” after “write” is supplied to clarify that what follows is the content of what is to be written.

[2:18]  ¹¹ tn Grk “These things says [the One]…” See the note on the phrase “this is the solemn pronouncement of” in 2:1.

[2:18]  sn The expression This is the solemn pronouncement of reflects an OT idiom. See the note on this phrase in 2:1.

[2:18]  ¹² tn Grk “a flame of fire.” The Greek term πυρός (puros) has been translated as an attributive genitive.

[2:18]  ¹³ tn The precise meaning of the term translated “polished bronze” (χαλκολιβάνῳ, calkolibanw), which appears no where else in Greek literature outside of the book of Revelation (see 1:15), is uncertain. Without question it is some sort of metal. BDAG 1076 s.v. χαλκολίβανον suggests “fine brass/bronze.” L&N 2.57 takes the word to refer to particularly valuable or fine bronze, but notes that the emphasis here and in Rev 1:15 is more on the lustrous quality of the metal.