Wahyu 21:12

21:12 It has ¹  a massive, high wall ²  with twelve gates, ³  with twelve angels at the gates, and the names of the twelve tribes of the nation of Israel ⁴  are written on the gates. ⁵ 

Wahyu 21:14

21:14 The ⁶  wall of the city has twelve foundations, and on them are the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.

Wahyu 21:17-18

21:17 He also measured its wall, one hundred forty-four cubits ⁷  according to human measurement, which is also the angel’s. ⁸  21:18 The city’s ⁹  wall is made ¹⁰  of jasper and the city is pure gold, like transparent glass. ¹¹ 

[21:12]  ¹ tn Grk “jasper, having.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation.

[21:12]  ² tn Grk “a (city) wall great and high.”

[21:12]  ³ tn On this term BDAG 897 s.v. πυλών 1 states, “gate, esp. of the large, impressive gateways at the entrance of temples and palaces…of the entrances of the heavenly Jerusalem…οἱ πυλῶνες αὐτῆς οὐ μὴ κλεισθῶσιν its entrances shall never be shut Rv 21:25; cp. vss. 12ab, 13abcd, 15, 21ab; 22:14.”

[21:12]  ⁴ tn Grk “of the sons of Israel.” The translation “nation of Israel” is given in L&N 11.58.

[21:12]  ⁵ tn Grk “on them”; the referent (the gates) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[21:14]  ⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:17]  ⁷ tn Here the measurement was kept in cubits in the translation because of the possible symbolic significance of the number 144 (12 times 12). This is about 216 ft (65 m).

[21:17]  ⁸ tn Here L&N 81.1 translate the phrase μέτρον ἀνθρώπου, ὅ ἐστιν ἀγγέλου (metron anqrwpou, {o estin angelou) “‘the unit of measurement used by a person, that is, by an angel’ Re 21:17.” It is more likely that μέτρον is an accusative of respect or reference.

[21:18]  ⁹ tn Grk “and its wall”; the referent of the pronoun (the city) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:18]  ¹⁰ tn The phrase ἡ ἐνδώμησις τοῦ τείχους (Jh endwmhsi" tou teicou") is difficult to translate precisely. BDAG 334 s.v. ἐνδώμησις states, “primary mng. ‘interior structure’; in our lit. prob.=construction, hence material τοῦ τείχους Rv 21:18.” The phrase could then be translated, “the foundation of the city wall was jasper” or “the material used for the wall of the city was jasper.” The latter alternative has been used in the translation because the text goes on to discuss the foundation in 21:19 (using the term θεμέλιος [qemelios]), which is somewhat redundant if the foundation is mentioned here.

[21:18]  ¹¹ tn Or “transparent crystal.” See L&N 6.222, which notes the emphasis is on transparency here. The same Greek word, καθαρός (kaqaros), means both “pure” (referring to the gold) and “transparent” (referring to the glass).