Wahyu 6:4

6:4 And another horse, fiery red, ¹  came out, and the one who rode it ²  was granted permission ³  to take peace from the earth, so that people would butcher ⁴  one another, and he was given a huge sword.

Wahyu 12:4

12:4 Now ⁵  the dragon’s ⁶  tail swept away a third of the stars in heaven and hurled them to the earth. Then ⁷  the dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, so that he might devour her child as soon as it was born.

Wahyu 9:4

9:4 They ⁸  were told ⁹  not to damage the grass of the earth, or any green plant or tree, but only those people ¹⁰  who did not have the seal of God on their ¹¹  forehead.

Wahyu 20:9

20:9 They ¹²  went up ¹³  on the broad plain of the earth ¹⁴  and encircled ¹⁵  the camp ¹⁶  of the saints and the beloved city, but ¹⁷  fire came down from heaven and devoured them completely. ¹⁸ 

[6:4]  ¹ tn L&N 79.31 states, “‘fiery red’ (probably with a tinge of yellow or orange).”

[6:4]  ² tn Grk “the one sitting on it.”

[6:4]  ³ tn The word “permission” is implied; Grk “it was given to him to take peace from the earth.”

[6:4]  ⁴ tn BDAG 979 s.v. σφάζω states, “Of the killing of a person by violence…σφάζειν τινά butcher or murder someone (4 Km 10:7; Jer 52:10; Manetho: 609 fgm. 8, 76 Jac. [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 76]; Demetr.[?]: 722 fgm. 7; Ar. 10, 9) 1J 3:12; Rv 6:4. Pass. (Hdt. 5, 5) 5:9; 6:9; 18:24.”

[12:4]  ⁵ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate that this remark is virtually parenthetical.

[12:4]  ⁶ tn Grk “its”; the referent (the dragon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[12:4]  ⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.

[9:4]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[9:4]  ⁹ tn The dative indirect object (αὐταῖς, autais) was converted into the subject (“they”) as this more closely approximates English usage. The following ἵ῞να (Jina) is taken as substantival, introducing a direct object clause. In this case, because it is reported speech, the ἵνα is similar to the declarative ὅτι (Joti).

[9:4]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “men”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used in a generic sense here of both men and women.

[9:4]  ¹¹ tn The article τῶν (twn) has been translated as a possessive pronoun here (ExSyn 215).

[20:9]  ¹² tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[20:9]  ¹³ tn The shift here to past tense reflects the Greek text.

[20:9]  ¹⁴ tn On the phrase “broad plain of the earth” BDAG 823 s.v. πλάτος states, “τὸ πλάτος τῆς γῆς Rv 20:9 comes fr. the OT (Da 12:2 LXX. Cp. Hab 1:6; Sir 1:3), but the sense is not clear: breadth = the broad plain of the earth is perh. meant to provide room for the countless enemies of God vs. 8, but the ‘going up’ is better suited to Satan (vs. 7) who has recently been freed, and who comes up again fr. the abyss (vs. 3).” The referent here thus appears to be a plain large enough to accommodate the numberless hoards that have drawn up for battle against the Lord Christ and his saints.

[20:9]  ¹⁵ tn Or “surrounded.”

[20:9]  ¹⁶ tn On the term παρεμβολή (parembolh) BDAG 775 s.v. states, “Mostly used as a military t.t.…so always in our lit.…1. a (fortified) camp…ἡ παρεμβολὴ τῶν ἁγίων Rv 20:9 is also to be understood fr. the OT use of the word.”

[20:9]  ¹⁷ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.

[20:9]  ¹⁸ tn See L&N 20.45 for the translation of κατεσθίω (katesqiw) as “to destroy utterly, to consume completely.”