Yesaya 2:12

2:12 Indeed, the Lord who commands armies has planned a day of judgment, ¹ 

for ²  all the high and mighty,

for all who are proud – they will be humiliated;

Yesaya 2:17

2:17 Proud men will be humiliated,

arrogant men will be brought low; ³ 

the Lord alone will be exalted ⁴ 

in that day.

Yesaya 4:6

4:6 By day it will be a shelter to provide shade from the heat,

as well as safety and protection from the heavy downpour. ⁵ 

Yesaya 7:6

7:6 They say, “Let’s attack Judah, terrorize it, and conquer it. ⁶  Then we’ll set up the son of Tabeel as its king.” ⁷ 

Yesaya 13:5

13:5 They come from a distant land,

from the horizon. ⁸ 

It is the Lord with his instruments of judgment, ⁹ 

coming to destroy the whole earth. ¹⁰ 

Yesaya 14:17

14:17 Is this the one who made the world like a desert,

who ruined its ¹¹  cities,

and refused to free his prisoners so they could return home?”’ ¹² 

Yesaya 24:4-5

24:4 The earth ¹³  dries up ¹⁴  and withers,

the world shrivels up and withers;

the prominent people of the earth ¹⁵  fade away.

24:5 The earth is defiled by ¹⁶  its inhabitants, ¹⁷ 

for they have violated laws,

disregarded the regulation, ¹⁸ 

and broken the permanent treaty. ¹⁹ 

Yesaya 24:11

24:11 They howl in the streets because of what happened to the wine; ²⁰ 

all joy turns to sorrow; ²¹ 

celebrations disappear from the earth. ²² 

Yesaya 27:6

27:6 The time is coming when Jacob will take root; ²³ 

Israel will blossom and grow branches.

The produce ²⁴  will fill the surface of the world. ²⁵ 

Yesaya 34:3

34:3 Their slain will be left unburied, ²⁶ 

their corpses will stink; ²⁷ 

the hills will soak up their blood. ²⁸ 

Yesaya 37:31

37:31 Those who remain in Judah will take root in the ground and bear fruit. ²⁹ 

Yesaya 46:2

46:2 Together they bend low and kneel down;

they are unable to rescue the images; ³⁰ 

they themselves ³¹  head off into captivity. ³² 

Yesaya 54:3

54:3 For you will spread out to the right and to the left;

your children will conquer ³³  nations

and will resettle desolate cities.

Yesaya 54:12

54:12 I will make your pinnacles out of gems, ³⁴ 

your gates out of beryl, ³⁵ 

and your outer wall ³⁶  out of beautiful ³⁷  stones.

Yesaya 61:5

61:5 ³⁸ “Foreigners will take care of ³⁹  your sheep;

foreigners will work in your fields and vineyards.

Yesaya 63:13

63:13 who led them through the deep water?

Like a horse running on flat land ⁴⁰  they did not stumble.

[2:12]  ¹ tn Heb “indeed [or “for”] the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] has a day.”

[2:12]  ² tn Or “against” (NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[2:17]  ³ tn Heb “and the pride of men will be brought down, and the arrogance of men will be brought low.” As in v. 11, the repetition of the verbs שָׁפַל (shafal) and שָׁחָח (shakhakh) from v. 9 draws attention to the appropriate nature of the judgment. Those proud men who “bow low” before idols will be forced to “bow low” before God when he judges their sin.

[2:17]  ⁴ tn Or “elevated”; NCV “praised”; CEV “honored.”

[4:6]  ⁵ tn Heb “a shelter it will be for shade by day from heat, and for a place of refuge and for a hiding place from cloudburst and rain.” Since both of the last nouns of this verse can mean rain, they can either refer to the rain storm and the rain as distinct items or together refer to a heavy downpour. Regardless, they do not represent unrelated phenomena.

[7:6]  ⁶ tn Heb “and let us break it open for ourselves”; NASB “make for ourselves a breach in its walls”; NLT “fight our way into.”

[7:6]  ⁷ tn Heb “and we will make the son of Tabeel king in its midst.”

[7:6]  sn The precise identity of this would-be puppet king is unknown. He may have been a Syrian official or the ruler of one of the small neighboring states. See Y. Aharoni, Land of the Bible, 370.

[13:5]  ⁸ tn Heb “from the end of the sky.”

[13:5]  ⁹ tn Or “anger”; cf. KJV, ASV “the weapons of his indignation.”

[13:5]  ¹⁰ tn Or perhaps, “land” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NLT). Even though the heading and subsequent context (see v. 17) indicate Babylon’s judgment is in view, the chapter has a cosmic flavor that suggests that the coming judgment is universal in scope. Perhaps Babylon’s downfall occurs in conjunction with a wider judgment, or the cosmic style is poetic hyperbole used to emphasize the magnitude and importance of the coming event.

[14:17]  ¹¹ tc The pronominal suffix is masculine, even though its antecedent appears to be the grammatically feminine noun “world.” Some have suggested that the form עָרָיו (’arayv, plural noun with third masculine singular suffix) should be emended to עָרֶיהָ (’areha, plural noun with third feminine singular suffix). This emendation may be unnecessary in light of other examples of lack of agreement a suffix and its antecedent noun.

[14:17]  ¹² tn Heb “and his prisoners did not let loose to [their] homes.” This really means, “he did not let loose his prisoners and send them back to their homes.’ On the elliptical style, see GKC 366 §117.o.

[24:4]  ¹³ tn Some prefer to read “land” here, but the word pair אֶרֶץ/תֵּבֵל (erets/tevel [see the corresponding term in the parallel line]) elsewhere clearly designates the earth/world (see 1 Sam 2:8; 1 Chr 16:30; Job 37;12; Pss 19:4; 24:1; 33:8; 89:11; 90:2; 96:13; 98:9; Prov 8:26, 31; Isa 14:16-17; 34:1; Jer 10:12; 51:15; Lam 4:12). According to L. Stadelmann, תבל designates “the habitable part of the world” (The Hebrew Conception of the World [AnBib], 130).

[24:4]  ¹⁴ tn Or “mourns” (BDB 5 s.v. אָבַל). HALOT 6-7 lists the homonyms I אבל (“mourn”) and II אבל (“dry up”). They propose the second here on the basis of parallelism.

[24:4]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “the height of the people of the earth.” The translation assumes an emendation of the singular form מְרוֹם (mÿrom, “height of”) to the plural construct מְרֹמֵי (mÿrome, “high ones of”; note the plural verb at the beginning of the line), and understands the latter as referring to the prominent people of human society.

[24:5]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “beneath”; cf. KJV, ASV, NRSV “under”; NAB “because of.”

[24:5]  ¹⁷ sn Isa 26:21 suggests that the earth’s inhabitants defiled the earth by shedding the blood of their fellow human beings. See also Num 35:33-34, which assumes that bloodshed defiles a land.

[24:5]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “moved past [the?] regulation.”

[24:5]  ¹⁹ tn Or “everlasting covenant” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NAB “the ancient covenant”; CEV “their agreement that was to last forever.”

[24:5]  sn For a lengthy discussion of the identity of this covenant/treaty, see R. Chisholm, “The ‘Everlasting Covenant’ and the ‘City of Chaos’: Intentional Ambiguity and Irony in Isaiah 24,” CTR 6 (1993): 237-53. In this context, where judgment comes upon both the pagan nations and God’s covenant community, the phrase “permanent treaty” is intentionally ambiguous. For the nations this treaty is the Noahic mandate of Gen 9:1-7 with its specific stipulations and central regulation (Gen 9:7). By shedding blood, the warlike nations violated this treaty, which promotes population growth and prohibits murder. For Israel, which was also guilty of bloodshed (see Isa 1:15, 21; 4:4), this “permanent treaty” would refer more specifically to the Mosaic Law and its regulations prohibiting murder (Exod 20:13; Num 35:6-34), which are an extension of the Noahic mandate.

[24:11]  ²⁰ tn Heb “[there is] an outcry over the wine in the streets.”

[24:11]  ²¹ tn Heb “all joy turns to evening,” the darkness of evening symbolizing distress and sorrow.

[24:11]  ²² tn Heb “the joy of the earth disappears.”

[27:6]  ²³ tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “the coming ones, let Jacob take root.” הַבָּאִים (habba’im, “the coming ones”) should probably be emended to יָמִים בָאִים (yamim va’im, “days [are] coming”) or בְּיָמִים הַבָּאִים (biyamim habba’im, “in the coming days”).

[27:6]  ²⁴ tn Heb “fruit” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

[27:6]  ²⁵ sn This apparently refers to a future population explosion. See 26:18.

[34:3]  ²⁶ tn Heb “will be cast aside”; NASB, NIV “thrown out.”

[34:3]  ²⁷ tn Heb “[as for] their corpses, their stench will arise.”

[34:3]  ²⁸ tn Heb “hills will dissolve from their blood.”

[37:31]  ²⁹ tn Heb “The remnant of the house of Judah that is left will add roots below and produce fruit above.”

[46:2]  ³⁰ tn Heb “[the] burden,” i.e., their images, the heavy burden carried by the animals.

[46:2]  ³¹ tn נַפְשָׁם (nafsham, “their souls/lives”) is equivalent here to a third masculine plural suffix, but the third feminine singular verb הָלָכָה (halakhah, “they go”) agrees with the feminine noun נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh, “soul, life”).

[46:2]  ³² sn The downfall of Babylon is depicted here. The idols are carried off by the victorious enemy; the gods are likened to defeated captives who cower before the enemy and are taken into exile.

[54:3]  ³³ tn Or “take possession of”; NAB “shall dispossess.”

[54:12]  ³⁴ tn Perhaps, “rubies” (so ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

[54:12]  ³⁵ tn On the meaning of אֶקְדָּח (’eqdakh), which occurs only here, see HALOT 82 s.v.

[54:12]  ³⁶ tn Heb “border” (so ASV); NASB “your entire wall.”

[54:12]  ³⁷ tn Heb “delightful”; KJV “pleasant.”

[61:5]  ³⁸ sn The Lord speaks in vv. 7-8 (and possibly v. 9). It is not clear where the servant’s speech (see vv. 1-3a) ends and the Lord’s begins. Perhaps the direct address to the people signals the beginning of the Lord’s speech.

[61:5]  ³⁹ tn Heb “will stand [in position] and shepherd.”

[63:13]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “in the desert [or “steppe”].”