Yesaya 3:1

A Coming Leadership Crisis

3:1 Look, the sovereign Lord who commands armies ¹ 

is about to remove from Jerusalem ²  and Judah

every source of security, including ³ 

all the food and water, ⁴ 

Yesaya 9:13

9:13 The people did not return to the one who struck them,

they did not seek reconciliation ⁵  with the Lord who commands armies.

Yeremia 5:3

5:3 Lord, I know you look for faithfulness. ⁶ 

But even when you punish these people, they feel no remorse. ⁷ 

Even when you nearly destroy them, they refuse to be corrected.

They have become as hardheaded as a rock. ⁸ 

They refuse to change their ways. ⁹ 

Hagai 2:18

2:18 ‘Think carefully about the past: ¹⁰  from today, the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month, ¹¹  to the day work on the temple of the Lord was resumed, ¹²  think about it. ¹³ 

[3:1]  ¹ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at 1:9.

[3:1]  ² map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[3:1]  ³ tn Heb “support and support.” The masculine and feminine forms of the noun are placed side-by-side to emphasize completeness. See GKC 394 §122.v.

[3:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “all the support of food, and all the support of water.”

[9:13]  ⁵ tn This verse describes the people’s response to the judgment described in vv. 11-12. The perfects are understood as indicating simple past.

[5:3]  ⁶ tn Heb “O Lord, are your eyes not to faithfulness?” The question is rhetorical and expects a positive answer.

[5:3]  ⁷ tn Commentaries and lexicons debate the meaning of the verb here. The MT is pointed as though from a verb meaning “to writhe in anguish or contrition” (חוּל [khul]; see, e.g., BDB 297 s.v. חוּל 2.c), but some commentaries and lexicons repoint the text as though from a verb meaning “to be sick,” thus “to feel pain” (חָלָה [khalah]; see, e.g., HALOT 304 s.v. חָלָה 3). The former appears more appropriate to the context.

[5:3]  ⁸ tn Heb “They made their faces as hard as a rock.”

[5:3]  ⁹ tn Or “to repent”; Heb “to turn back.”

[2:18]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15.

[2:18]  ¹¹ sn The twenty-fourth day of the ninth month was Kislev 24 or December 18, 520. See v. 10. Here the reference is to “today,” the day the oracle is being delivered.

[2:18]  ¹² sn The day work…was resumed. This does not refer to the initial founding of the Jerusalem temple in 536 b.c. but to the renewal of construction three months earlier (see 1:15). This is clear from the situation described in v. 19 which accords with the food scarcities of that time already detailed in Hag 1:10-11.

[2:18]  ¹³ tn Heb “set your heart.” A similar expression occurs in v. 15 and at the beginning of this verse.